医生和药师对碘造影剂过敏反应的知信行调查研究  

Questionnaire survey on knowledge,attitude and practice of doctors and pharmacists regarding allergic reactions to iodine contrast agent

作　　者：刘琛[1] 白向荣[1] 褚燕琦[1] 邢晓璇[1] 邱雨婕 LIU Chen;BAI Xiangrong;CHU Yanqi;XING Xiaoxuan;QIU Yujie(Department of Pharmacy,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院药学部,北京100053

出　　处：《药物流行病学杂志》2025年第3期273-281,共9页Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology

基　　金：北京药学会临床药学研究项目(LCYX-2022-19)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国医疗机构医生和药师对碘造影剂过敏反应的知信行现状及影响因素,为开展碘造影剂过敏患者脱敏治疗提供参考。方法采用自行设计的碘造影剂过敏反应调查问卷对我国医生和药师进行调查。通过微信线上发放调查问卷的方法,被调查者采用匿名方式自愿参加。统计不同性别、科室、职称医生和药师的知识、态度、行为得分,应用Wilcoxon秩和检验、多元线性回归分析等方法分析影响因素。结果共有19个省、自治区、直辖市的105名医生和药师参与调查,完成有效问卷105份。医生和药师对造影剂过敏反应知识得分(总分4分)、态度得分(总分3分)、行为得分(总分3分)分别为2(1,2)分、1(0,2)分、1(1,2)分。多元线性回归结果显示,职称是知识得分的影响因素,与初级及以下职称相比,高级职称医生和药师知识得分较高(P=0.007)。学历是态度得分的影响因素,与本科及以下学历相比,博士学历医生和药师态度较积极(P=0.011)。态度得分是行为得分的影响因素,态度越积极,行为越积极(P=0.015)。结论医生和药师对造影剂过敏反应知信行有待加强,应结合不同职称、学历人员的知信行差异,对医生和药师开展培训,提升知识水平,积极探索安全有效的造影剂过敏患者脱敏治疗方法,在保证患者安全的前提下合理使用碘造影剂。Objective To analyze the current status of knowledge,attitude,and behavior(KAP)of doctors and pharmacists regarding iodine contrast agent allergic reactions in medical institutions in China and the influencing factors,to provide reference for the treatment of iodine contrast agent allergic patients.Methods A questionnaire survey on iodine contrast agent allergic reactions was conducted among doctors and pharmacists in China using a selfdesigned questionnaire.The questionnaire was distributed online via WeChat and the participants were anonymous and voluntary.The scores of knowledge,attitude,and behavior of medical staff of different genders,departments,and titles were statistically analyzed.Wilcoxon rank sum test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results A total of 105 doctors and pharmacists from 19 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities participated in the survey,completing 105 valid questionnaires.The knowledge score(out of 4 points),attitude score(out of 3 points),and behavior score(out of 3 points)of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions were 2(1,2)points,1(0,2)points,and 1(1,2)points,respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that job title is a factor affecting the knowledge score.Compared to those with primary and below titles,senior title doctors and pharmacists had higher knowledge scores(P=0.007).Educational level is a influence factor affecting the attitude score.Compared to those with undergraduate and below educational levels,doctors and pharmacists with doctoral degrees had more positive attitudes(P=0.011).Attitude score is a influence factor affecting the behavior score,the more positive the attitude,the more positive the behavior(P=0.015).Conclusion The knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)of doctors and pharmacists regarding contrast agent allergy reactions need to be strengthened.Training should be conducted for doctors and pharmacists,taking into account the KAP differences among individual

关 键 词：医生 药师 碘造影剂 过敏反应 知信行 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R981[医药卫生—药品]