运行时保证技术的研究现状与发展综述  

Survey of research status and development of runtime assurance technology

作　　者：董磊[1,2] 王琦[1,3] 陈曦 刘嘉琛[1,3] DONG Lei;WANG Qi;CHEN Xi;LIU Jiachen(Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness Technology(Civil Aviation University of China),Tianjin 300300,China;Science and Technology Innovation Research Institute,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]民航航空器适航审定技术重点实验室(中国民航大学),天津300300 [2]中国民航大学科技创新研究院,天津300300 [3]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300

出　　处：《计算机应用》2025年第3期1003-1015,共13页journal of Computer Applications

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB1600600);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(3122022QD07)。

摘　　要：人工智能(AI)、大数据、云计算等先进技术发展突飞猛进的同时,它们自身具有的难解释、难认证等问题限制了它们在各行业的实际应用。而运行时保证(RTA)技术通过监控系统状态实现了功能之间的切换,化“复杂”为“简单”,初步解决了一些复杂系统行为难预测、难解释、不安全、非预期结果的问题,在未来有着广阔的发展前景。因此,对RTA的研究现状与发展进行综述,为研究者了解最新的RTA技术研究动态、发展趋势提供参考。首先,回顾RTA技术的发展历程;其次,在描述RTA的基本原理架构以及切换逻辑的基础上,对当前RTA在智能航空、无人机(UAV)、智能航天和自动驾驶汽车领域中及信息物理系统(CPS)和安全强化学习上的应用研究现状进行系统性梳理;最后,对RTA技术的发展前景进行讨论。While advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI),big data,and cloud computing are developing rapidly,the difficulties to explain,certify and other issues of the technologies limit the practical application of them in various industries.Meanwhile,through monitoring the system state,RunTime Assurance(RTA)technology achieves the function switching,making“complex”into“simple”,thereby providing a preliminary solution to some complex system behaviors’problems of difficulties to predict and explain,insecurity,unexplained results,with a broad prospect for development in the future.Therefore,a review was conducted on the current research status and development of RTA to offer researchers insights into the latest research trends and developmental directions in RTA technology.Firstly,the development history of RTA technology was reviewed,on the basis of describing the basic principle architecture and the switching logic of RTA,the current application research status of RTA in the fields of intelligent aviation,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),intelligent aerospace,and automated vehicle driving,as well as on Cyber-Physical System(CPS)and safe reinforcement learning were sorted out systematically.Finally,the development prospects of RTA technology were discussed.

关 键 词：运行时保证 复杂功能 切换逻辑 替换认证 智能航空 

分 类 号：N949[自然科学总论—系统科学] V243[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]