山西绛县西吴壁遗址2022-2024年仰韶文化遗存发掘简报  

Excavation Report of Yangshao Culture Remains at the Xiwubi Site in Jiangxian,Shanxi from 2022 to 2024

作　　者：田伟 张若衡 孙慧琴 张开亮 叶之童 吕赵力(绘图/摄影) 

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆,北京100006 [2]山西省考古研究院,太原030001 [3]运城市文物保护中心,运城037000

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2025年第1期23-40,F0002,共19页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：西吴壁仰韶文化遗存位于遗址东部,分布范围不小于30万平方米,形成一处规模较大的史前聚落。2022-2024年,中国国家博物馆等单位组成联合考古队在其中揭露出丰富的仰韶晚期遗存,遗迹主要为灰坑、窖穴、灶坑等,出土陶器、石器,还发现建筑残件等与房址密切相关的遗存。所见仰韶晚期遗存的文化面貌与以往在晋南、豫西所见者一致,并与垣曲盆地同时期遗存更为接近。这些发现填补了运城盆地东北部仰韶晚期遗存发现较少、文化面貌尚不清楚的学术空白,为深入研究晋南乃至中原地区仰韶文化时期的物质文化与聚落形态,探究仰韶文化在西王类型阶段的衰落,及其与环境等因素变化之间的关系提供了实物资料。The Xiwubi Yangshao cultural remains are located in the eastern part of the site,covering an area of no less than 300,000 square meters,forming a large-scale prehistoric settlement.From 2022 to 2024,a joint archaeological team,including specialists from the National Museum of China,uncovered a wealth of late Yangshao cultural remains at the site.The remains are mainly ash pits,storage pits,and hearths.Pottery and stone tools were unearthed.Architectural structure fragments closely associated with house sites were also discovered.The cultural characteristics of the late Yangshao remains at this site are consistent with those previously found in southern Shanxi and western Henan,showing an even closer resemblance to late Yangshao remains in the Yuanqu Basin.These discoveries fill a scholarly gap regarding the limited knowledge of late Yangshao remains in the northeastern part of the Yuncheng Basin,where the cultural characteristics were previously unclear.Furthermore,they provide valuable material evidence for the in-depth study of Yangshao culture's achievement and settlement patterns in southern Shanxi and the Central Plains and offer insights into the decline of the Yangshao culture during the Xiwang type period and its relationship with environmental and other changes.

关 键 词：西吴壁遗址 仰韶文化 西王类型 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]