陕西宝鸡下站祭祀遗址2022年考古发掘简报  

Archaeological Excavation Report of Xiazhan Ritual Site in Baoji City,Shaanxi in 2022

作　　者：游富祥 卢一(文/绘图) 王凯 郝怿(文/绘图) 杨武站 王颢 雷岩 吕赵力(绘图) 姚皎(绘图) 王心月(绘图) 权西红(摄影) 赵梦遥 

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆,北京100006 [2]陕西省考古研究院,西安710109 [3]宝鸡市考古研究所,宝鸡721006 [4]陈仓区博物馆,宝鸡721399

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2025年第1期41-72,2,共33页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：下站遗址位于陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区磻溪镇下站村秦岭北麓渭河南岸的台塬之上。2020年,中国国家博物馆、陕西省考古研究院、宝鸡市考古研究所、陈仓区博物馆组成联合考古队,对遗址进行了第一次考古发掘,确认下站遗址即为文献中所记雍五畤之一的“密畤”。经国家文物局批准,联合考古队于2022年对下站遗址进行第二次考古发掘,揭露面积800平方米,清理各类祭祀坑22座,可分为长条形坑和长方形坑两类。其中,长方形坑中的车马坑,年代可早至春秋中晚期,是继长条形动物祭祀坑之后,发现的新的春秋时期祭祀遗存类型。本年度发掘的不同时代、不同类型的祭祀遗存,将为我们以下站遗址为基础,建立秦汉国家祭祀遗存的分期年代标尺提供重要材料。The Xiazhan site in Panxi Town of Chencang District of Baoji City,Shaanxi is located on the loess terrace to the south of the Wei River and at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains.In 2020,a joint archaeological team consisting of experts from the National Museum of China,Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology,Baoji Archaeological Institute,and Chencang Museum conducted the first archaeological excavation of the site,confirming that the site is the Mi Zhi(密畤),one of the recorded five sacrificial sites located in Yong,the capital of the Qin State(Yong Wu Zhi,雍五畤).The joint archaeological team conducted the second archaeological excavation of the Xiazhan site in 2022,revealing an area of 800 square meters along with 22 sacrificial pits of two types:the long strip pits and the rectangular pits.Among the rectangular pits,the chariot and horse pits can be dated back to as early as the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period.They are a new type of sacrificial remains of the Spring and Autumn Period after the discovery of long strip animal sacrificial pits.The sacrificial remains of various eras and types excavated this year will provide us with important materials for establishing a chronology scale for the sacrificial remains of the Qin and Han dynasties based on the Xiazhan site.

关 键 词：下站遗址 密畤 祭祀 动物牺牲坑 车马坑 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]