技能偏向技术变革与劳动收入份额——基于断点回归的实证检验  

Skill-biased technical change and labor income share:an empirical test based on regression discontinuity

作　　者：马昌群 MA Changqun(School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2025年第1期43-56,共14页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD195)。

摘　　要：采用断点回归设计方法,利用2011—2022年中国A股上市公司数据,从理论逻辑与经验证据两个方面考察技能偏向技术变革对劳动收入份额的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,短期条件下技能偏向技术变革显著抑制企业劳动收入份额,尤其当企业面临低市场竞争水平和高劳动力供给水平时更为明显。机制分析表明,技能偏向技术变革所引起的劳动生产率提高和企业技能结构优化是短期内降低企业劳动收入份额的重要途径。拓展分析显示,在长期生产过程中,技能偏向程度的加深会对企业劳动收入份额产生正向影响,且在劳动密集型企业中表现更为明显。此外,提高地区公共就业服务水平和减轻企业融资约束,有助于缓解技能偏向技术变革对企业劳动收入份额的短期负面影响。研究结论从技能偏向的视角揭示了劳动收入份额变动的微观机理,为在技术变革过程中实现效率与公平的协同发展提供了决策参考。This study employs a regression discontinuity design and data from China s A-share listed companies(2011—2022)to conduct a theoretical and empirical investigation of the impact of skill-biased technological change(SBTC)on labor income share.The findings reveal that SBTC significantly suppresses a firm s labor income share in the short term,particularly when market competition is low and labor supply is high.The mechanism analysis identifies two critical transmission channels:SBTC-induced enhancement of labor productivity and optimization of the corporate skill structure,which together drive a short-term reduction in the labor income share.Further analysis demonstrates that intensified skill bias exerts a positive influence on the labor income share over the long-term production horizon,with the effects being greater in labor-intensive enterprises.Furthermore,enhancing regional public employment services and alleviating corporate financing constraints are effective in mitigating the short-term negative impacts of SBTC.The conclusions reveal the micro-level mechanisms governing the labor income share dynamics from a skill-biased perspective,offering policymakers critical insights for achieving both efficiency and equity during technological transitions.

关 键 词：技能偏向 技能偏向技术变革 劳动收入份额 劳动生产率 技能结构 

分 类 号：F241[经济管理—劳动经济]