新疆哈密市畜间包虫病感染情况调查及影响因素分析  

Investigation on Echinococcus Infection Among Livestock in Hami City,Xinjiang and Analysis of Risk Factors

作　　者：张国新 张晓晓 买吾兰·孜克牙 杨夷平 杨康 古丽巴哈·卡德尔 陈建豪 坤巴哈斯·沙合依 何波 韩帅斌 玉努斯·阿不都 俞刚 杨帆 马春江 ZHANG Guoxin;ZHANG Xiaoxiao;MAIWULAN·Zikeya;YANG Yiping;YANG Kang;GULIBAHA·Kadeer;CHEN Jianhao;KUNBAHASI·Shaheyi;HE Bo;HAN Shuaibin;YUNUSI·Abudu;YU Gang;YANG fan;MA Chunjiang(Hami Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Hami Xinjiang 839000,China;Yizhou Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Hami Xinjiang 839000,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Yiwu County,Yiwu Xinjiang 839000,China;Shirenzi Township Agriculture(Animal Husbandry)Development Service Center,Bavkol Xinjiang 839000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈密市动物疫病预防控制中心,新疆哈密839000 [2]哈密市伊州区动物疫病预防控制中心,新疆哈密839000 [3]伊吾县农业农村局,新疆伊吾839300 [4]巴里坤县石人子乡农业(畜牧业)发展服务中心,新疆巴里坤839200

出　　处：《草食家畜》2025年第1期29-36,共8页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区哈密市牛羊常见疫病标准化防控技术项目(2022SNGGNT032)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在全面分析2023年新疆哈密市畜间包虫病感染流行情况及主要风险因素,为哈密市及周边区域包虫病的科学规范防控提供数据参考。【方法】本研究选用ELISA方法对抽检的912份未免疫羔羊血清样品进行羊包虫病感染抗体检测,选用粪抗原夹心ELISA方法对抽检的180份犬粪样品进行犬包虫病粪抗原检测。【结果】哈密市羊包虫病感染抗体阳性率为8.55%,各区县从高到低依次为巴里坤县(15.38%)、伊吾县(9.06%)、伊州区(6.28%);伊州区与巴里坤县差异显著(P<0.05),伊州区、巴里坤县与伊吾县差异均不显著(P>0.05);犬粪抗原个体阳性率为2.78%,各区县个体阳性率从高到低依次为巴里坤县(4.29%)、伊州区(2.86%)、伊吾县(0.00%),伊州区与巴里坤县、伊吾县,巴里坤县与伊吾县差异均不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】气候条件、驱虫频次、养殖模式、犬只放养模式等可能是导致新疆哈密市畜间包虫病传播的潜在风险因素。建议当地加强包虫病防控知识宣讲,积极落实羊只强制免疫、犬只“月月驱虫”等有效防控措施,同时加大监测力度、扩大监测范围,不断提升综合防控能力,以降低包虫病对人类健康的威胁。[Objective]In order to comprehensively analyze the prevalence and main risk factors of echinococcosis among livestock in Hami City of Xinjiang in 2023,so as to provide data reference for scientific and standardized prevention and control of the disease in Hami City and surrounding areas.[Methods]912 serum samples of lambs without vaccination were detected by ELISA for antibodies against Echinococcus,and 180 samples of dog feces were detected by faecal antigen sandwich ELISA for Echinococcus antigens.[Results]The positive rate of antibodies against Echinococcus was 8.55%in Hami area,and was highest in Barkol County(15.38%),followed by Yiwu County(9.06%)and Yizhou District(6.28%).There was significant difference in the antibody positive rate between Yizhou District and Barkol County(P<0.05),but no significant difference between Yizhou District,Barkol County and Yiwu County(P>0.05).The individual positive rate of Echinococcus antigens in canine feces was 2.78%,and was highest in Barkol County(4.29%),followed by Yizhou District(2.86%)and Yiwu County(0.00%).There was no significant difference between Yizhou District,Barkol County and Yiwu County,as well as between Barkol County and Yiwu County(P>0.05).[Conclusion]Climatic conditions,deworming frequency,breeding patterns,and dog raising patterns may be potential risk factors for inter-animal transmission of echinococcosis in Hami City of Xinjiang.It was recommended for local authorities to strengthen the publicity of knowledge involving echinococcosis prevention and control,actively implement effective control measures such as compulsory immunization of sheep and monthly deworming of dogs,meanwhile,to strengthen monitoring efforts,expand the scope of monitoring and constantly improve the comprehensive prevention and control capacity,so as to reduce the threat of echinococcosis to human beings.

关 键 词：包虫病 羊 犬 抗体监测 影响因素 综合防控 

分 类 号：S858.26[农业科学—临床兽医学]