基于激光多普勒测振的电力设备表面振动测量及补偿算法  

Surface Vibration Measurement and Compensation Algorithm of Power Equipment Based on Laser Doppler Vibration

作　　者：赖泽楷 关向雨 涂嘉毅 林建港 徐欣灵 Lai Zekai;Guan Xiangyu;Tu Jiayi;Lin Jiangang;Xu Xinling(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108 China;CHINALCO Shandong Advanced Material Co.Ltd,Zibo 255052 China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学电气工程与自动化学院,福州350108 [2]中铝山东新材料有限公司,淄博255052

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2025年第6期1707-1717,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2020J01509)。

摘　　要：为实现不同电工材料表面机械振动的非接触测量,搭建了全光纤1 550 nm激光多普勒测振(LDV)系统,针对不同电工材料表面粗糙度对反射光的影响以及IQ信号不平衡因子对解调波形的影响,提出一种融合材料表面粗糙度光学补偿和正交解调补偿的综合补偿算法。首先基于射线光学分析不同电工材料表面粗糙度对收发一体光学镜头耦合效率的影响,提出采用平凹-凹凹-平凸透镜方案的光学天线前端补偿算法。分析了IQ信号幅相不平衡对解调结果的影响,通过镜像抑制算法消除该影响,建立不平衡模型验证补偿算法的有效性。搭建了不同电工材料标定平台和气体绝缘开关(GIS)设备振动平台,对所提出的光学和信号补偿算法进行验证。结果表明,该文所提光学补偿方法使不同电工材料表面的激光平均耦合效率提高了21.92%,信号补偿前的解调信号存在25.04 dB的镜像干扰比率(IIR),经过IQ信号补偿后,信号的信噪比提高了25.8 dB。验证了所研发的系统能够应用于不同电工设备表面3~10 m距离和10 Hz~2 kHz频率范围机械振动的无损带电检测。The electromagnetic force generated by the internal discharge defects of power equipment will trigger an abnormal vibration source,which is transmitted to the surface of the equipment through the internal rigid components and gas-liquid insulating medium.As a result,potential mechanical defects within the equipment can be detected by vibration characteristics on the surface of the equipment.Laser Doppler vibration(LDV)is a non-contact vibration measurement technology widely used in various fields.However,the application of commercially available general-purpose LDV vibration measurement devices on power equipment has many shortcomings,such as insufficient optical coupling and weak resistance to strong magnetic interference.This paper proposes a comprehensive compensation algorithm for the unadaptable surface roughness of electrical materials and unbalanced amplitude-phase of IQ signals,which exist in the detection of LDV in the charged operation of power equipment.Firstly,the 1550 nm all-fiber heterodyne interferometric vibration measurement system is designed and constructed according to the principle of LDV vibration measurement.The vibration signal reduction is realized using the baseband signal quadrature demodulation algorithm.Second,the surface roughness of different electrical materials is obtained by a roughness tester,and a three-dimensional ray optical compensation model is established considering the combination of rough electrical material surfaces and lenses. Third, the mirror image suppression algorithm is used to correct the effect of IQ amplitude-phase imbalance on the demodulation results, and the effectiveness of the correction algorithm is discussed. Finally, the vibration test platforms and the actual vibration measurement experiment platform of Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) are constructed. The results show that the average coupling efficiency of the LDV is increased by 21.92% for different electrotechnical materials after adding the proposed optical antenna compensation, which verifies the

关 键 词：激光多普勒测振 射线光学仿真 光学天线 正交解调补偿 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]