带脉冲恒功率负载储能系统的无源控制方法  

Passivity Based Control Method of Energy Storage System with Pulse Constant Power Load

作　　者：王勇 王谱宇 杨永亮[3] 曹曼 刘正春 Wang Yong;Wang Puyu;Yang Yongliang;Cao Man;Liu Zhengchun(Shijiazhuang Campus Army Engineering University,Shijiazhuang 050003 China;School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094 China;School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083 China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学石家庄校区,石家庄050003 [2]南京理工大学自动化学院,南京210094 [3]北京科技大学自动化学院,北京100083

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2025年第6期1915-1929,共15页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(62373039)。

摘　　要：带脉冲负载的储能系统(PL-ESS)是一类典型的独立电力系统,“负阻抗”和周期脉冲特性极易造成系统不稳定。该文面向PL-ESS稳定性和较高的性能要求,在传统无源控制算法设计的基础上,提出注入虚拟储能的无源控制(VESI-PBC)算法,通过提高能量函数的收敛速度,使直流母线电压快速稳定以适应脉冲负载中高频模态切换工况。该文阐述VESI-PBC控制器的设计过程,对其控制系统稳定性进行根轨迹分析,同时深入剖析VESI-PBC算法的控制机理,指出该算法控制目标并非内环电流跟踪,而是超前响应外环电压的动态变化,其实质是快速响应负载脉冲电流的瞬态变化,有效提高DC-DC变换器输出电流(源端输出电流)的快速响应能力,同时降低了电容电流,从而增强了母线电压抗负载快速扰动的鲁棒性。通过仿真与实际平台试验,设置了较小容感比参数,验证了VESI-PBC算法的可行性与有效性,可满足PL-ESS系统中高频工况下瞬时脉冲电流的需求。VESI-PBC算法简单灵活,可适用于含脉冲恒功率负载的、稳定性较弱(容感比较小)、脉冲频率覆盖范围广、非线性较强的独立电力系统。An energy storage system with pulsed load(PL-ESS)is a typical isolated power system with limited source capacity,small coefficient inertia,and weak stability.In recent years,pulse load devices have been equipped with power controllers to ensure the performance of pulse power emission,which presents a state of pulse‘constant power’load.The negative impedance characteristic of constant power loads is known to amplify the bus voltage disturbance and exacerbate instability.Methods have been presented to achieve stability control of power systems with constant power loads.However,most of them focus on suppressing the fluctuation of bus voltage without simultaneously satisfying the fast response of instantaneous load current.This paper proposes a Virtual Energy Storage Injection-Passive Based Control(VESI-PBC)method based on the traditional PBC.By improving the convergence speed of the energy function,the dc-bus voltage can be quickly stabilized to adapt to the switching conditions of pulse loads in medium or high-frequency mode.Firstly,based on the topology structure of ESS with pulse constant power load,an Euler-Lagrange mathematical model is established to judge whether the system is strictly passive.Secondly,a virtual energy storage matrix is constructed,and the virtual inductance Ln is superimposed on the energy-storage inductance L to accelerate the convergence speed of the energy error function He(x)and ensure the system stability.Thirdly,by designing control terms,the VESI-PBC control is obtained.Compared with PI and VDI-PBC control,VESI-PBC control includes terms of(*LLii−)and*Li and introduces*nLLi,which leads the response to the dynamic changes in bus voltage uC.Finally,a dual closed-loop control strategy based on the VESI-PBC algorithm is proposed for the PL-ESS main circuit structure.Taking system stability as the precondition,the VESI-PBC method is designed to ensure stability.The controller can converge more quickly to the steady state when PL-ESS switches between pulse power loading and unloading

关 键 词：脉冲恒功率负载 储能系统 无源控制 能量函数 系统稳定性 

分 类 号：TM711[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]