山海关长城国家文化公园体系的建构思路  

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE SHANHAIGUAN GREAT WALL NATIONAL CULTURAL PARK SYSTEM

作　　者：李严[1,2] 姚旺 张玉坤[1,2] 尚筱玥[1,2] LI Yan;YAO Wang;ZHANG Yukun;SHANG Xiaoyue

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]建筑文化遗产传承信息技术文化和旅游部重点实验室(天津大学)

出　　处：《城市规划》2025年第3期90-99,共10页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家社会科学重点基金“长城国家文化公园价值研究与数字再现”(编号:21AZD055)。

摘　　要：山海关长城是明长城九边军防“巨系统”的缩影,被列为长城国家文化公园重点保护建设区段,其公园体系建构具有全线示范作用。根据防御体系的梳理,绘制出明代长城九边-蓟镇-山海关防御体系“巨系统”分布与结构;借助1962年山海关航照、1901至1945年近代历史地图,揭示尘封百年的城池遗存、水系和历史道路的空间分布;依据长城防御体系构建长城国家文化公园体系,防御体系对应公园总体布局、屯兵城层次对应景观点设置、驿传路线对应游览路径、烽传视线对应景观视廊,进行可见与不可见遗址点全貌展示与系统关系还原。“让历史说话”,为长城文化遗产整体性保护与传承提供借鉴。The Shanhaiguan Great Wall is the epitome of the“giant system”of the nine military districts of the Ming Great Wall,and it is listed as the key protection and construction section of the Great Wall National Cultural Park.And the construction of its park system has the role of demonstration of the whole line.According to the compilation of the defense system,the distribution and structure of the“giant system”of the defense system of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty(nine sides of the Great Wall–Jizhen–Shanhaiguan)are drawn;with the help of the aerial photos of Shanhaiguan in 1962 and the modern historical maps of 1901-1945,the spatial distribution of the remains of the city,the water system and the historical roads that have been sealed for hundreds of years are revealed.Based on the defense system of the Great Wall,the Great Wall National Cultural Park system is constructed,with the defense system corresponding to the overall layout of the park,the level of the military fortress corresponding to the setting of landscape points,the post route corresponding to the touring path,and the beacon line of sight corresponding to the landscape view corridor,so as to display the full picture of the visible and invisible ruins and restore the systematic relationship.Through the concept of“Let History Speak”,the study provides a reference for the overall protection and inheritance of the cultural heritage of the Great Wall.

关 键 词：山海关 长城 国家文化公园 防御体系 体系建构 

分 类 号：TU986.54[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] TU984.114