基于因子分析法的DRASTIC改进模型在唐山市地下水硝酸盐脆弱性评价中的应用  

Application of DRASTIC improved model based on factor analysis in groundwater nitrate vulnerability assessment in Tangshan city

作　　者：李红超 单强 何微 田西昭 LI Hongchao;SHAN Qiang;HE Wei;TIAN Xizhao(Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Geological Resources and Environment Monitoring and Protection,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省地质环境监测院,石家庄050000 [2]河北省地质资源环境监测与保护重点实验室,石家庄050000

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2025年第1期45-55,共11页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(D2021106004)。

摘　　要：利用R型因子分析法,通过硝酸盐浓度与地下水脆弱性评价模型DRASTIC的7指标相关性分析,得到改进的硝酸盐脆弱性评价模型STIRCAD。STIRCAD模型将DRASTIC模型的7个指标分为4个主因子:主因子1为包气带对硝酸盐的吸附和降解能力,贡献率为24.68%,表明包气带中岩性颗粒细或有机质含量高的区域,地下水硝酸盐的脆弱性低;主因子2为地下水垂向补给和水平迁移能力,贡献率为24.59%,表明在地下水垂向补给量小、含水层渗透系数小的区域,地下水硝酸盐的脆弱性低;主因子3为硝酸盐在含水层中的水平衰减能力,贡献率为16.59%,表明含水层厚度大的区域,硝酸盐在含水层中运移时间长,地下水硝酸盐的脆弱性低;主因子4为硝酸盐在包气带中的垂向衰减能力,贡献率为14.75%,表明硝酸盐在地下水埋藏深度大的区域到达含水层所需时间长,垂向衰减时间多,脆弱性低。利用改进模型对唐山市地下水硝酸盐脆弱性进行评价,结果表明,唐山市地下水硝酸盐脆弱性高和较高的区域面积占比为51.75%,脆弱性中等的占比为22.89%,脆弱性低和较低的占比为25.34%,呈现由山区到平原硝酸盐脆弱性逐渐降低的趋势。R-factor analysis is used to obtain an improved nitrate vulnerability assessment model STIRCAD by analyzing the correlation between nitrate concentration and seven indexes of the groundwater vulnerability assessment model DRASTIC.The STIRCAD model divides the 7 indexes of the DRASTIC model into 4 main factors:The main factor 1 is the adsorption and degradation capacity of nitrate in the aeration zone,with a contribution rate of 24.68%,indicating that areas with fine lithological particles or high organic matter content in the aeration zone have low vulnerability to nitrate in groundwater;the main factor 2 is the vertical recharge and horizontal migration capacity of groundwater,with a contribution rate of 24.59%,indicating that in areas with low vertical recharge and low permeability of aquifers,the vulnerability of groundwater nitrate is low;the main factor 3 is the horizontal attenuation ability of nitrate in the aquifer,with a contribution rate of 16.59%,indicating that in areas with thicker aquifers,nitrate migration time in the aquifer is longer and the vulnerability of groundwater nitrate is lower;the main factor 4 is the vertical attenuation ability of nitrate in the unsaturated zone,with a contribution rate of 14.75%,indicating that nitrate takes a long time to reach the aquifer in areas with deep groundwater burial,has a long vertical attenuation time,and has low vulnerability to nitrate in groundwater.Using the improved model to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater nitrate in Tangshan city,the results show that the proportion of areas with high nitrate vulnerability in Tangshan city is 51.75%,the proportion of areas with medium vulnerability is 22.89%,and the proportion of areas with low vulnerability is 25.34%,showing a trend of gradually decreasing nitrate vulnerability from mountainous areas to plains.

关 键 词：地下水 硝酸盐 脆弱性 R型因子分析 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]