TiO_(2)纳米颗粒处理下甜菜幼苗光合特性的初步研究  

Preliminary study on photosynthetic properties of sugar beet seedlings under treatment with TiO_(2) nanoparticles

作　　者：刘文清 李金娜[1] 于冰[1] LIU Wenqing;LI Jinna;YU Bing(Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology,Ministry of Education/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology College of Heilongjiang Province,School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生命科学学院农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省寒区植物基因与生物发酵重点实验室/黑龙江省普通高校分子生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2025年第1期63-73,共11页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32272058);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M651315)。

摘　　要：TiO_(2)纳米颗粒(TiO_(2) nanoparticles,TiO_(2) NPs)具有催化效率高和毒性低的特点,容易被植物吸收、积累和转运,在促进植物生长和提高农作物产量方面具有良好的应用潜力。为了确定TiO_(2) NPs促进甜菜幼苗生长的最佳浓度,采用土壤盆栽灌根的方式,探究不同浓度TiO_(2) NPs(0、300、600、900、1200和1500 mg·L^(-1))对甜菜幼苗生长状态、膜脂过氧化程度和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,与未处理对照组相比,在600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs处理下,甜菜幼苗叶片更加舒展,主根粗壮、侧根丰富,叶片和根系鲜重显著增加,说明600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs对甜菜幼苗生长具有促进作用;甜菜幼苗中丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量没有变化,过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)和过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性升高,说明600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs能够维持甜菜幼苗体内活性氧稳态,不会对甜菜幼苗产生膜脂损伤。因此,确定600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs为促进甜菜幼苗生长的最佳浓度。为了进一步研究甜菜幼苗的光合特性,测定了600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs处理下甜菜幼苗光合作用指标和光合作用相关基因的表达情况。与未处理对照组相比,在600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs处理下,甜菜幼苗叶片的净光合速率和电子传递速率显著增加,光合系统Ⅰ和光合系统Ⅱ中相关基因上调表达。结果表明,600 mg·L^(-1) TiO_(2) NPs能够通过提高光合作用效率促进甜菜幼苗生长。本研究结果可为TiO_(2) NPs应用于农业生产、提高甜菜产量提供前期实验基础。TiO_(2) nanoparticles(TiO_(2) NPs)with high catalytic efficiency and low toxicity are easy to be absorbed,accumulated and transported by plants,and have good application potential in promoting plant growth and improving crop yield.In order to determine the optimal concentration of TiO_(2) NPs to promote the growth of sugar beet seedlings,the effects of different concentrations of TiO_(2) NPs(0,300,600,900,1200,1500 mg·L^(-1))on the growth state,membrane lipid peroxidation degree and antioxidant enzyme activity of sugar beet seedlings were investigated by soil pot irrigation.The results show that compared with the untreated control group,under the treatment of 600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs,the leaves of suger beet seedlings are more extended,the taproots are strong and the lateral roots are abundant,and the fresh weight of leaves and roots is significantly increased,indicating that 600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs can promote the growth of sugar beet seedlings.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in sugar beet seedlings does not change.The activity of peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)increases,indicating that 600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs can maintain the homeostase of reactive oxygen species in sugar beet seedlings,and will not cause membrane lipid damage to sugar beet seedlings.Therefore,600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs is determined as the optimal concentration to promote the growth of sugar beet seedlings.In order to further study the photosynthetic characteristics of sugar beet seedlings,the photosynthetic indexes and photosynthetic related genes expression of sugar beet seedlings treated with 600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs were measured.Compared with the untreated control group,the net photosynthetic rate and electron transfer rate of leaves of sugar beet seedlings are significantly increased under 600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs treatment,and the expression of related genes in photosynthetic system I and photosynthetic system II is up-regulated.The results show that 600 mg·L^(-1)TiO_(2) NPs can promote the growth of sugar beet seedlings by

关 键 词：TiO_(2)纳米颗粒 甜菜 生长 光合特性 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]