独立式火灾探测报警器窄带蜂窝物联网通信能耗特性试验分析  

Analysis of energy consumption characteristics of narrowband cellular IoT communications for independent fire detection and alarm

作　　者：何肇瑜 王力 王卓甫 He Zhaoyu;Wang Li;Wang Zhuofu(Hangzhou Fire and Rescue Division,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310000,China;Shenyang Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Shenyang Liaoning 110004,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市消防救援支队,浙江杭州310000 [2]应急管理部沈阳消防研究所,辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2025年第3期375-381,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：应急管理部消防救援局科技计划项目(2021XFCX39)。

摘　　要：为优化采用窄带蜂窝物联网通信的独立式火灾探测报警器能耗与电池应用时长,开展其通信能耗特性试验分析研究,通过搭建无线通信可靠性与低功耗规律试验测试环境,开展其典型工作状态、通信与功耗在不同信号条件下的耦合特性试验分析,研究对其功耗具有关键影响的运行状态和典型失电原因。结果表明:心跳连接是影响其能耗的最主要因素,且随着网络信号质量的下降,其通信能耗会发生显著恶化,峰值电流最大增幅可达350%,使用时长最大能缩减为理想状态的20.8%。因此,设置窄带蜂窝物联网独立式火灾探测报警器时,应提升其无线联网时链路的抗衰减能力,防止其信号质量过低,合理控制联网频次,在信号覆盖不佳的环境下考虑进行电池配型。To optimize the energy consumption and battery life of fire alarms using narrowband cellular IoT,we conducted an experimental analysis of the communication energy consumption characteristics of these devices.By establishing a test environment for evaluating the wireless communication reliability and low-power consumption patterns of fire alarms,we analyzed the coupling characteristics of typical operational states,communication,and power consumption of narrowband cellular IoT based fire alarms under different signal conditions.This analysis aimed to identify the operational states and common causes of power loss that critically affect energy consumption.The results showed that the heartbeat connection is the most critical factor affecting the energy consumption of narrowband cellular IoT based fire alarms.Additionally,as network signal quality deteriorates,the communication energy consumption of fire alarms significantly worsens,with peak current increases up to 350%and usage duration reduced to as low as 20.8%of the ideal state.Therefore,it is crucial to enhance the link attenuation resistance of narrowband IoT fire alarms during wireless networking,prevent excessively low signal quality,reasonably limit the frequency of heartbeat connections,and consider battery selection under poor signal coverage conditions.

关 键 词：独立式火灾探测报警器 窄带蜂窝物联网 通信能耗 信号质量 

分 类 号：TU892[建筑科学] TU855