石墨烯与钛元素复合作用对铝基复合材料组织及性能的影响  

Effects of Graphene and Titanium on the Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum Matrix Composites

作　　者：吴舒凡 郭锦涛 杨昌一 马朝利[1,2] 肖文龙 WU Shu-fan;GUO Jin-tao;YANG Chang-yi;MA Chao-li;XIAO Wen-long(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Tianmushan Laboratory,Hangzhou 311115,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]天目山实验室,浙江杭州311115

出　　处：《铸造》2025年第2期185-193,共9页Foundry

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”项目支持(2024SSYS0079)。

摘　　要：石墨烯被认为是铝及铝合金良好的增强体,但由于石墨烯与铝容易反应生成有害的Al4C3相,阻碍了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的研究及应用。本研究以Al粉、Ti粉和氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,将粉末预制体在铝熔体中制备成中间合金,对比研究了粉末预制体和中间合金的分别加入对Al-6.5Cu-0.3Mn-0.15Sc-0.15Zr合金的微观组织及性能的影响。研究发现,添加粉末预制体和中间合金的复合材料均可以明显细化晶粒尺寸,同时在组织中引入了少量的亚微米级TiC颗粒和石墨烯。TiC的存在可以作为α-Al的有效形核质点,因此使得晶粒尺寸减小。此外,由于Ti元素的存在,在复合材料中形成了较为粗大的块状Al3(Sc,Zr,Ti)相,而且石墨烯更倾向于与Ti元素发生反应,在复合材料中并未检测到Al4C3有害相的形成。拉伸测试结果表明,添加粉末预制体和中间合金均可以使复合材料的抗拉强度和伸长率明显提高,比较而言,添加中间合金的效果更明显,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别由基体合金的292 MPa、384 MPa和4.6%提高到了298 MPa、413 MPa和8.3%。Graphene is regarded as an effective reinforcement for aluminum and its alloys.However,the development and utilization of graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites have been constrained by the fact that graphene readily reacts with aluminum,leading to the formation of the detrimental Al4C3 phase.This study employed aluminum powder,titanium powder,and graphene oxide(GO)as raw materials,with the powder compaction prepared as master alloys in an aluminum melt.The effects of adding powder compaction and master alloys,respectively,on the microstructures and properties of Al-6.5Cu-0.3Mn-0.15Sc-0.15Zr alloys were comparatively investigated.It was discovered that the addition of both powder compaction and master alloys resulted in a notable reduction in grain size,accompanied by the introduction of a modest quantity of submicron TiC particles and graphene into the structure.The presence of TiC was observed to act as an effective nucleation site forα-Al,thereby contributing to a decrease in grain size.Furthermore,the presence of Ti elements resulted in the formation of a coarser Al3(Sc,Zr,Ti)phase in the composites.Additionally,the graphene exhibited a greater propensity to react with Ti elements,and the formation of the deleterious Al4C3 phase was not observed in the composites.The tensile test results demonstrated that the incorporation of both powder compaction and master alloy led to a notable enhancement in the tensile strength and elongation of the composites.The influence of the master alloy was particularly pronounced,with the yield strength,tensile strength,and elongation increasing from 292 MPa,384 MPa,and 4.6%of the matrix alloy to 298 MPa,413 MPa,and 8.3%,respectively.

关 键 词：铸造铝合金 石墨烯 钛元素 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]