基于无人机影像的光伏组串识别及碳减排效应评估  

Identification of Photovoltaic String and Assessment of Carbon Emission Reduction Effects based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery

作　　者：唐余 邹志刚 周心卉 丁倩 周金莺 魏宇帆 杨武 TANG Yu;ZOU Zhigang;ZHOU Xinhui;DING Qian;WEI Yufan;ZHOU Jinying;YANG Wu(College of Environment and Resources Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2024年第6期1543-1554,共12页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(72204220,42471101)。

摘　　要：研究并提出了一种高效精确提取光伏组串的方法,可评估不同规模和布局下光伏系统发电潜力及减排效应,为监测和管理现有光伏电站以及规划和建设未来光伏电站提供技术支撑。以浙江省3个农光互补电站(以下简称松阳、乐清和江山电站)为研究区,涵盖10种“光伏+”模式,通过无人机影像结合面向对象分类方法提取光伏组串,并利用组件面积法估算其发电潜力和减排效果。结果表明:①该方法能高精度提取复杂地类中的光伏组串,总体精度高于96%,Kappa系数高于0.89;②在不同“光伏+”模式中,草地和苗木光伏区的提取精度较高,蔬菜光伏区的提取精度较低;③江山、松阳和乐清电站年均发电量最高可达2.25、0.37和1.65亿kW·h,分别可减排11.91、1.96和8.73万t二氧化碳。An efficient and accurate method for extracting photovoltaic strings was proposed in this research,enabling the assessment of power generation potential and emission reduction effects of photovoltaic systems under different scales and layouts.It provides technical support for monitoring and managing existing photovoltaic power stations,as well as for the planning and construction of future ones.Three agrophotovoltaic power stations,namely Songyang,Yueqing,and Jiangshan stations,were selected as the study area in Zhejiang Province,covering ten types of“PV+”modes.The photovoltaic strings were extracted based on UAV images and object-oriented classification methods,and their power generation potential and emission reduction effects were estimated by module area method.The results revealed that:(1)highly precise extraction of photovoltaic strings within complex land cover types was achieved using unmanned aerial vehicle imagery and object-oriented methods,with an overall accuracy exceeding 96%and a Kappa coefficient higher than 0.89;(2)among different“photovoltaic+”modes,the extraction accuracy was higher for grassland and nursery photovoltaic areas,while lower for vegetable photovoltaic areas;and(3)the annual power generation capacities of Jiangshan,Songyang,and Yueqing stations could reach up to 225 million,37 million,and 165 million kilowatt-hours,respectively,resulting in emission reductions of 119100,19600,and 87300 metric tons of carbon dioxide.

关 键 词：农光互补电站 碳达峰碳中和 遥感解译 发电潜力 减排效应 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] TM615[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]