旅游领域国外“心流”研究综述:理论、应用、方法和过程  

Review of foreign research on“Flow”in the field of tourism:Theories,applications,methods and processes

作　　者：王蕾 WANG Lei(Business School,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Business Administration,Shandong Vocational College of Industry,Zibo 256414,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学商学院,北京100048 [2]山东工业职业学院工商管理学院,山东淄博256414

出　　处：《资源开发与市场》2025年第3期431-441,共11页Resource Development & Market

基　　金：山东省职业教育教学改革研究项目(编号:2023272);山东省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(编号:2024ZSMS376);淄博市社科规划项目研究成果(编号:23ZBSK087)。

摘　　要：“心流”是指人们全身心投入一项活动时的整体感觉。通过系统性综述的方法对2019—2023年Web of Science(SCI、SSCI、AHCI、CPCI)上62篇旅游领域“心流”研究相关文献进行了梳理,从理论、应用、方法和过程4个视角分析总结,展望未来研究趋势。研究发现:旅游领域“心流”研究的理论基础呈现多元化;主要集中在旅游装备和技术、旅游环境和场所、旅游内容这3个层次;大多数为定量的实证性研究;大多数将心流体验作为中介变量,对于前因(自变量)、结果(因变量)的讨论比较多。但同时发现现有研究存在重视定量实证研究、缺乏理论方面的创新;研究方法以问卷为主,缺乏心理学、生理学等多种方法的研究;对于“心流”的机制和触发因素尚未得到充分阐释。未来研究方向包括引入积极心理学理论,新型旅游领域的应用研究,采用非侵入性测量方法和手段,加强心流过程研究,心流体验和反心流体验的积极和消极作用研究等。“心流”在旅游领域的研究为从业者提供了设计心流体验的框架,通过体验前准备与期望、体验中活动设计与实施,体验后回忆与分享,全面提升游客满意度与忠诚度,促进旅游业的创新与可持续发展。“Flow”refers to the overall feeling of people when they are fully engaged in an activity.This paper adopted a systematic review method to sort out the 62 articles in Web of Science(SCI,SSCI,AHCI,CPCI)from 2019 to 2023,analyze and summarize the existing researches from the perspectives of theory,application,methodology and process,and look forward to the future research trends.The results showed that:The theoretical basis of the research on“flow”in tourism was diversified.It mainly focused on the three levels of tourism equipment and technologies,tourism environments and venues,and tourism contents;most of the studies were quantitative empirical studies;most of the studies took flow experience as a mediator variable,and there were more discussions on the antecedents(independent variables)and outcomes(dependent variables).At the same time,however,it was found that existing studies emphasized quantitative empirical research and lack theoretical innovations;the research methods are mainly questionnaire-based and lack the research of psychology,physiology and other methods;and the mechanisms and triggers of“flow”had not yet been fully explained.Future research directions include the introduction of positive psychology theories,applied research in the field of novel tourism,the use of non-invasive measurement methods and instruments,the enhancement of flow processes study,and the study of the positive and negative effects of flow experiences and anti-flow experience.Flow research in the field of tourism provides practitioners with a framework for designing flow experiences,comprehensively improving tourist satisfaction and loyalty,and promoting the innovation and sustainable development of the tourism industry through pre-experience preparation and expectations,in-experience activity design and implementation,and post-experience memories and sharing.

关 键 词：心流体验 心流理论 S-O-R模型 认知评价理论 自我决定理论 

分 类 号：F590.6[经济管理—旅游管理]