社会资本投入能否提升国家公园社区农户收入——以大熊猫国家公园为例  

Can Social Capital Investment Improve the Income of Community Farmers in National Parks:A Case Study of Giant Panda National Park

作　　者：侯一蕾[1] 张子怡 贾雨晴 HOU Yilei;ZHANG Ziyi;JIA Yuqing(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]青海大学,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期59-72,共14页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(23CGL046)。

摘　　要：如何在保护优先的前提下提升社区农户收入是缓解我国国家公园建立过程中保护与发展矛盾的难点问题。而引入社会资本是弥补国家公园冲突管理资金不足、促进当地绿色发展的有效手段。以大熊猫国家公园为研究对象,通过农户调查数据,采用OLS回归、PSM和中介效应模型实证分析了社会资本投入对农户收入的影响。结果表明:社会资本投入能够显著提升国家公园周边社区农户家庭收入水平,并有助于缓解收入不平等问题;社会资本投入主要通过促进农户参与生态旅游、提高农户的经营净收入和财产净收入等途径影响农户收入;社会资本投入对农户收入的影响存在显著的群体差异,对低收入农户、中年农户和教育程度较低的农户的影响更为突出。基于此,提出建立健全社会资本投资引导机制、完善利益分配机制、完善社会资本投资监管等政策建议,以促进国家公园区域内社会经济的可持续发展,实现国家公园保护与周边社区发展的双赢。Enhancing the income of community farmers under the premise of conservation priority remains a critical challenge in addressing the conflict between ecological protection and development during the establishment of China’s national parks.Introducing social capital serves as an effective approach to alleviate funding shortages in conflict management and promote local green development.Taking Giant Panda National Park as a case study,this research employs household survey data and applies OLS regression,PSM,and mediation effect models to empirically analyze the impact of social capital investment on farmers’income.The results indicate that:Social capital investment significantly enhances household income levels in communities surrounding national parks and helps mitigate income inequality;The income-improving effects primarily manifest through increased farmer participation in ecotourism,as well as elevated net operational and property incomes;The impact of social capital investment exhibits significant heterogeneity across groups,with more pronounced effects on low-income households,middle-aged farmers,and those with lower educational attainment.Based on these findings,policy recommendations are proposed,including establishing robust social capital investment guidance mechanisms,optimizing benefit distribution systems,and strengthening supervision of social capital investments.These measures aim to foster sustainable socioeconomic development within national park regions and achieve a win-win scenario for ecological conservation and community prosperity.

关 键 词：社会资本投入 国家公园 农户收入 收入不平等 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济] F327.9[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X36