个体金融消费者权益保护的法律规制  

Legal Regulation of Individual Financial Consumer Rights Protection

作　　者：陈蕴哲 Chen Yunzhe

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《法学杂志》2025年第2期159-172,共14页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“《民法典》适用中的国家利益保护问题研究”(项目编号:20AFX016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：经过10余年的讨论,“金融消费者”的认定尚未形成共识。理论研究致力于形成具有固定边界的“金融消费者”概念,然而这一路径在我国立法与司法实践中都未得到有效应用。概念认定路径与金融消费行为的特点与规制需求并不契合。在强势的金融监管的影响下,概念认定路径易将弱势群体地位的预设带入对个体金融消费者的权益保护中,导致对个体金融消费者适用类似于消费者权益保护的法律规制,并不利于对金融消费法律关系的规范。个体金融消费者的特征描述对金融消费行为的规范才具有实践意义,应当首先明确其金融消费合同的当事人地位,并在此基础上有条件地“补足”其交易能力。金融监管应当有限地介入金融消费法律关系,在公益维护的基础上强调民事责任对私主体权益保护的重要性。After more than ten years of discussion,the recognition of“financial consumers”has not yet reached a consensus.Theoretical research aims to form the concept of“financial consumers”with fixed connotations,but this path has not been effectively applied in China's legislation and judicial practice.The path of conceptual identification does not align with the characteristics and regulatory needs of financial consumption behavior.Under the strong influence of the financial supervision,the concept recognition path is prone to bring the preconception of vulnerable groups into the protection of individual financial consumer's rights,thus applying legal regulation similar to financial consumer rights protection,which is not conducive to regulating the legal relationship of financial consumption.The description of the characteristics of individual financial consumers is of practical significance to the regulation of financial consumption.The status of the parties to their financial consumption contracts should be clarified first,and on this basis,conditionally“supplemented”their trading capacity.Financial supervision should have limited the intervention in the legal relationship of financial consumption,emphasizing the importance of civil liability in protecting the rights and interests of private entities on the basis of the maintenance of the public interest.

关 键 词：金融消费者 金融消费 金融监管 概念认定 金融公平 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]