小麦分子育种与传统育种耦合技术体系初探  

Preliminary Exploration of Coupling Technology System of Wheat Molecular and Traditional Breeding

作　　者：欧锦涟 张中正 宋元泽 邱丽华 戎鑫愉 张家硕 赵春华 吴永振 孙晗 秦冉 鲍印广[2] 于海涛[3] 翟冬峰 刘广臣[1] 崔法 OU Jinlian;ZHANG Zhongzheng;SONG Yuanze;QIU Lihua;RONG Xinyu;ZHANG Jiashuo;ZHAO Chunhua;WU Yongzhen;SUN Han;QIN Ran;BAO Yinguang;YU Haitao;ZHAI Dongfeng;LIU Guangchen;CUI Fa(School of Horticulture,Ludong University/Yantai Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for High-Yield and Stress-Resistant Crops and Efficient Cultivation,Yantai 264025,China;College of Agriculture,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;Weifang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Weifang 261041,China;Shandong Denghai Seeds Co.,Ltd.,Laizhou 261400,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学园艺学院/烟台市作物高产抗逆分子育种及高效栽培重点实验室,山东烟台264025 [2]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018 [3]潍坊市农业科学院,山东潍坊261041 [4]山东登海种业股份有限公司,山东莱州261400

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2025年第2期11-17,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：泰山学者(20230119);山东省重点研发计划(2024LZGCQY012,2022LZG002-2);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022MC119)。

摘　　要：小麦是全球重要的粮食作物,进一步提升小麦产量和品质以及选育突破性高产、优质、抗逆、广适小麦新品种,对于保障我国乃至全球粮食安全意义重大。文章对小麦分子育种技术体系进行了综合阐述,对小麦分子育种有效实施的必要前提进行了综合分析,重点阐述了基因挖掘及育种专用芯片在分子育种有效实施中的作用和地位。结合团队长期研究结果,初步提出了“两严一松”“四结合”传统育种与分子育种耦合技术体系,并阐述了其在组合选配、不同世代家系选择、品种潜力挖掘中的具体应用,列举了相关技术在育种实践应用中的成功案例,并对未来小麦分子育种应用前景进行了展望。Wheat is an important grain crop worldwide.Further improving wheat yield and quality and thus breeding new wheat varieties with breakthrough of high yield,high quality,stress resistance,and broad adaptability are of great significance to ensure the food security in China and even the whole world.In this paper,the technical system of wheat molecular breeding technology system was comprehensively described,the necessary prerequisites for the effective implementation of wheat molecular breeding technology were comprehensively analyzed.The key role and status of gene identification and breeding special SNP chip in the effective implementation of wheat molecular breeding technology were emphasized.Combined with the long-term research results of our team,the coupling technology system of"Strict on two points and loose on one"and"Four combinations"for traditional and molecular combined breeding strategy was initially proposed.The specific applications of the coupling technology in hybrid parental combination selection,family selection in different generations,and variety potential evaluation were described in detail.The successful cases of the corresponding technology in breeding practice were listed.Finally,the application prospect of wheat molecular breeding in the future was prospected.

关 键 词：小麦 生物育种 分子育种“ 两严一松”“四结合” 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]