小麦非生物胁迫响应研究进展  

Research Progress of Abiotic Stress Responses in Wheat

作　　者：茹京娜 郝冰清 冀晓倩 杨佳乐 王红涛 权宝全 郭鹏燕 赵吉平 徐兆师[2] RU Jingna;HAO Bingqing;JI Xiaoqian;YANG Jiale;WANG Hongtao;QUAN Baoquan;GUO Pengyan;ZHAO Jiping;XU Zhaoshi(Institute of the Industrial Crop,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学经济作物研究所,山西太原030031 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2025年第2期45-56,共12页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划青年科学研究项目(202303021222044);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2023L045);山西农业大学优秀博士科研启动项目(2023BQ83)。

摘　　要：干旱、盐碱、高温及低温等严重抑制植物的生长发育过程,是影响农业生产的主要环境因素。长期进化过程中,植物形成了复杂的信号调控网络以抵御逆境,植物对逆境的应答涉及到多重信号的传导及多个基因的表达,在细胞和整个生物体水平产生一系列变化,从而适应不良的环境。小麦是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一,非生物胁迫严重制约了小麦的生产。为了为小麦抗逆育种提供理论依据和参考方向,文章简要综述了植物应答非生物胁迫的信号调控网络,并依次归纳了植物响应干旱、盐、高温、低温等逆境有关的基因、蛋白质、转录因子和应答机制的研究进展,总结了小麦耐逆基因功能及响应机理的研究进展,并对分子育种技术改良小麦抗逆性进行了展望。Drought,salt,high temperature,and low temperature severely inhibit the process of plant growth and development,and are the major environmental factors that limit agricultural production.In the long-term evolution process,plants have formed a complex signal regulatory network to resist stresses.Stress responses involve the transmission of multiple signals and the expression of multiple genes.After sensing the stress signal,plants undergo a series of changes at the level of cells and the whole organism through complex signal transduction,thus adapting to the stress environment.Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world,and abiotic stresses severely restrict wheat production.In this paper,the signal regulatory network of plant responding to abiotic stresses was briefly reviewed,and the research progress on genes,proteins,transcription factors,and response mechanisms related to plant response to stresses such as drought,salt,high temperature,and low temperature is summarized in sequence.Also,the recent advances in research on function and response mechanism of wheat stress tolerance genes were introduced,and improvement of wheat stress tolerance by molecular breeding was prospected,which provided theoretical basis and reference direction for wheat stress resistance breeding.

关 键 词：植物 非生物胁迫 信号调控网络 小麦 耐逆基因 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]