高强度间歇训练对青少年散打运动员速度爆发力的影响  

Influence of High Intensity Interval Training on Speed and Explosiveness in Adolescent Sanda Athletes

作　　者：赵光勇 姚学武 陈养胜 ZHAO Guangyong;YAO Xuewu;CHEN Yangsheng(School of Athlete Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学竞技运动学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育科研》2025年第2期47-52,共6页Sport Science Research

摘　　要：目的:比较高强度间歇训练(HIIT)和传统力量训练(CST)对青少年散打运动员下肢爆发力和冲刺速度能力影响的差异。方法:研究对象为30名上海男子散打队的青少年运动员,进行随机对照实验。实验组进行为期6周(3次/周)内容为30 s反复10 m冲刺、60 s专项技术组合打靶、120 s跳绳双摇爆发力等训练6~12组,组间间歇30 s,项目间歇3 min的HIIT训练,对照组相同课次完成深蹲、卧推、高翻、挺举等传统力量训练,小栏架跳跃训练及中等强度的持续跑步训练。结果:①6周前后,两组运动员5 m(F=17.039,P=0.01)、10 m(F=4.121,P=0.05)、CMJ高度(F=15.164,P=0.01)、DJ高度(F=3.792,P=0.06)具有分组与时间的交互作用,其中实验组训练后成绩优于训练前(P<0.01)及对照组训练后水平(P<0.05)。②6周训练前后,两组运动员30 m(F=1.145,P=0.29)、DJ反应时(F=0.899,P=0.35)无分组与时间的交互作用。结论:6周(3次/周)HIIT能够有效改善青少年散打运动员的爆发力素质。Objective:To compare the differences in the effects of high intensity interval training(HIIT)and traditional strength training(CST)on the lower limb explosive power and sprint speed abilities of adolescent sanda athletes.Methods:The study was a randomized controlled experiment with 30 adolescent athletes from Shanghai Men's Sanda Team.The experimental group underwent a 6-week(3 times/week)training program consisting of 30 second repeated 10 meter sprints,60 second specialized technique combination shooting,and 120 second jump rope double swing explosive power training for 6-12 sets.The HIIT training was conducted with a 30 second interval between sets and a 3-minute interval between programs.The control group completed the same sessions of traditional strength training such as squats,bench presses,flips,and clean and jerk exercises,as well as small hurdle jumping training and moderate intensity continuous running training.Results:(1)Before and after the 6 week training,the two groups of athletes had the interaction of grouping and time at 5 meters(F=17.039,P=0.01),10 meters(F=4.121,P=0.05),CMJ height(F=15.164,P=0.01),and DJ height(F=3.792,P=0.06),in which the experimental group's post-training performance was better than the pre-training(P<0.01)and the control group post-training level(P<0.05).(2)Before and after 6 weeks of training,there was no interaction between grouping and time for both groups of athletes at 30 meters(F=1.145,P=0.29)and DJ reaction time(F=0.899,P=0.35).Conclusion:Six weeks(3 times/week)of HIIT is effective in improving the explosive qualities of youth sanda athletes.

关 键 词：高强度间歇训练 青少年散打 速度耐力 爆发力 反应时 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]