从中华民族多元一体的诗歌新型去理解元代散曲  

Understanding“Sanqu”of the Yuan Dynasty as a New Poetry Type Generated by Integrating Elements of Diverse Ethnic Groups in China

作　　者：张法 Zhang Fa

机构地区：[1]四川大学文学与新闻学院,成都610064

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期99-108,181,共11页Journal of East China Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：散曲是有元一代的主流诗歌形式,一方面是中国古诗中诗、词、曲的历史演进,另一方面是元代多民族一体士人圈的美学结晶,是多语言、多文化、多趣味在汉语中的艺术融合。散曲,体现了元代蒙古人、色目人、汉人、南人多民族一体的新天下观中的主要特点:一是以新型的“俗”达到融合多样的灵活自由而又凝结成有时代特征的美学形式,二是在元代新型天下观中多民族互动融合的直率快活,三是以中华美学精神为核心的时代性体现为多民族一体中“一体”的“圆”的执着和“多”的“夸耀”。As the prevailing type of poetry in the Yuan Dynasty,“sanqu”was not only the product of historical evolution from“shi”and“ci”,but also an aesthetic crystallization formed in the intellectual circle consisting of multi-ethnic groups at that time.It embodies an artistic fusion of multi-languages,multi-cultures and varied interests,all expressed in the Chinese language.It reflects the features of the new concept of“tianxia”(Under Heaven)that encompasses multiple peoples,including Mongolian,individuals with different colored eyes,Han people and ethnic groups in the south.The characteristics of sanqu are as follows:firstly,it is a free and flexible form of aesthetics which integrates multiple elements with a newfound“vulgar”taste and contemporary features;secondly,it embodies the straightforward joy of interaction and integration of multiple ethnic groups under the new concept of“tianxia”;thirdly,it expresses the Chinese aesthetic spirit as the core of the times,reflected in the pursuit of unity among diverse ethnicities and the celebration of diversity.

关 键 词：新型诗体的散曲 元代多民族一体的审美形式 元代天下观中的艺术特色 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]