超临界CO_(2)处理对芳纶纤维复合材料界面性能的影响研究  

Study on the effect of supercritical CO_(2) treatment on the interface properties of aramid fiber composite materials

作　　者：李亚锋 张杜鹃 鹿海军 Li Yafeng;Zhang Dujuan;Lu Haijun(Composite Technology Center,AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute,Beijing 101300,China;National Key Laboratory of Advanced Composites,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空制造技术研究院复合材料技术中心,北京101300 [2]先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室,北京100095

出　　处：《中国胶粘剂》2025年第3期34-40,共7页China Adhesives

摘　　要：芳纶纤维是一种高性能纤维,在复合材料领域具有广泛的应用。但由于其表面具有化学惰性,与树脂基体的界面粘接性不佳,并且在制备纤维的过程中常在纤维织物表面残留杂质,从而影响纤维/树脂之间的结合性。本文通过超临界CO_(2)流体对两种芳纶纤维(K49和F-12)表面进行处理,并研究了超临界CO_(2)流体对纤维织物(F-12F)表面的影响。然后以处理后的芳纶纤维及纤维织物为原料,制备了芳纶纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料,对复合材料的弯曲性能和层间剪切性能进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)超临界CO_(2)处理对K49和F-12纤维的拉伸性能无明显影响,但对纤维的表面起到有效的清洗效果,表面的杂质元素含量明显降低。(2)经过超临界CO_(2)处理后,K49纤维的表面粗糙度增加,F-12纤维的整体表面粗糙度反而有所下降。经过超临界CO_(2)处理后,K49纤维/树脂间的界面剪切强度提高了40.8%,纤维/树脂的结合性有明显改善,而F-12纤维/树脂间的界面剪切强度略有降低。(3)超临界CO_(2)处理前后芳纶纤维/环氧复合材料(K49/5224A和F-12/5224A)的弯曲性能、层间剪切性能的变化均在10%范围内,超临界处理对两种芳纶纤维增强复合材料的弯曲、剪切宏观力学性能无明显影响。而对于F-12纤维织物而言,超临界CO_(2)处理可有效地去清除纤维在编织过程中产生的杂质,提高纤维织物/树脂界面结合性。Aramid fiber is a high-performance fiber that has a wide range of application in the field of composite materials.However,due to its chemically inert surface,its interface adhesion with the resin matrix is poor,and impurities often remain on the surface of fiber fabric during the fiber preparation process,which affects the bonding between the fiber and resin.The surface treatment of two kinds of aramid fibers(K49 and F-12)using supercritical CO_(2)fluid was investigated in this paper,and the effect of supercritical CO_(2)fluid on the surface of fiber fabrics(F-12F)was also studied.Then,using processed aramid fibers and fiber fabrics as raw materials,aramid fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite materials were prepared,and the flexural and interlaminar shear properties of composite materials were studied.The research results showed that,(1)Supercritical CO_(2)treatment had no significant effect on the tensile properties of K49 and F−12 fibers,but it effectively cleaned the surface of fibers and significantly reduced the content of impurity elements on the surface.(2)After supercritical CO_(2)treatment,the surface roughness of K49 fiber increased,while the overall surface roughness of F-12 fiber decreased.After supercritical CO_(2)treatment,the interfacial shear strength between K49 fiber and resin increased by 40.8%,and the bonding between fiber and resin was significantly improved,while the interfacial shear strength between F−12 fiber and resin slightly decreased.(3)The changes in flexural and interlaminar shear properties of aramid fiber/epoxy composites(K49/5224A and F-12/5224A)before and after supercritical CO_(2)treatment were within 10%range.Supercritical treatment had no significant effect on the flexural and shear macroscopic mechanical properties of the two aramid fiber-reinforced composites.For F−12 fiber fabrics,supercritical CO_(2)treatment could effectively remove impurities generated during the weaving process and improved the interfacial bonding between fiber fabric and resin.

关 键 词：芳纶纤维 超临界CO_(2) 表面处理 

分 类 号：TQ430.4[化学工程] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]