不同经营方式对密集里白层木荷林林分生长及结构特征的影响  

The Effects of Different Management Methods on the Stand Growth and Structural Characteristics of Schima superba Forest of Dense Diplopterygium glaucum Layer

作　　者：赵绮 钱世祥 杨学 王良衍 ZHAO Qi;QIAN Shixiang;YANG Xue;WANG Liangyan(Ningbo Yinzhou District Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Yinzhou,Zhejiang,315100;Zhejiang Tiantong National Forest Park,Yinzhou,Zhejiang,315114)

机构地区：[1]宁波市鄞州区农业技术推广站,浙江鄞州315100 [2]浙江天童国家森林公园,浙江鄞州315114

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省2024—2026年茶叶产业技术项目(茶园生态固碳减排技术应用与示范)。

摘　　要：以浙江省宁波市鄞州区天童林场的密集里白冠层木荷林群落为研究对象,设置目标树经营、综合抚育经营和粗放经营3种经营方式,每种经营方式设置3个20 m×20 m典型样地开展跟踪调查,分析不同经营方式对群落生长和结构的影响。结果表明:经过6年的经营实践,目标树经营林分中木荷的优势度低于综合抚育和粗放经营,而栲树的优势度明显高于综合抚育和粗放经营,成为顶级优势树种,并已产生细叶香桂珍贵树种;综合抚育下,栲树、米槠优势度下降,被木荷、柯、檫木替代;粗放经营中栲树优势度略有下降,但木荷和柯优势度增大;3种经营方式中,林分胸高断面积表现为目标树经营(38.03 m^(2)·hm^(-2))>综合抚育经营(36.06 m^(2)·hm^(-2))>粗放经营(29.31 m^(2)·hm^(-2));3种经营方式木荷林样地间的林分密度、平均胸径和树高差异不显著。随着人工抚育措施加强,目标树经营蓄积量(326.5±20.8 m^(3)·hm^(-2))>综合抚育(300.8±18.4 m^(3)·hm^(-2))>粗放经营(223.5±23.1 m^(3)·hm^(-2)),前两者与粗放经营差异显著(P<0.05)。同时,随着人工抚育措施加强,林下植物(灌木)种类幼树数量有所减少,但目标树经营的乔木物种幼树的数量比其他两种经营方式的幼树增多。The Schima superba foerst community featuring a dense Diplopterygium glaucum shrub layer in Tiantong Forest Farm was selected as the research object.Three management approaches were implemented:target tree management,integrated tending management,and extensive management.For each approach,three 20 m×20 m permanent plots were established to investigate the effects of different management practices on community growth and structure over six years.The results indicate that:After six years of management,the dominance of Schima superba in target tree management plots was lower than in integrated tending and extensive management plots.In contrast,the dominance of Castanopsis fargesii significantly increased under target tree management,becoming the dominant species and facilitating the regeneration of rare species such as Cinnamomum subavenium.Under integrated tending management,the dominance of C.fargesii and Castanopsis carlesii declined,being replaced by S.superba,Lithocarpus glaber,and Sassafras tzumu.In extensive management,the dominance of C.fargesii slightly decreased,while that of S.superba and L.glaber increased.Among the three management approaches,the stand basal area ranked as follows:target tree management(38.03 m^(2)·hm^(-2))>integrated tending(36.06 m^(2)·hm^(-2))>extensive management(29.31 m^(2)·hm^(-2)).No significant differences were observed in stand density,mean diameter at breast height(DBH),or tree height across the S.superba plots under different management regimes.With intensified management practices,the stock volume followed the order:target tree management(326.5±20.8 m^(3)·hm^(-2))>integrated tending(300.8±18.4 m^(3)·hm^(-2))>extensive management(223.5±23.1 m^(3)·hm^(-2)),with significant differences(P<0.05)between the former two and extensive management.Increased management intensity reduced the number of understory shrubs and saplings,but target tree management promoted a higher number of saplings for arbor species compared to the other approaches.

关 键 词：木荷天然林 目标树经营 综合抚育经营 植被结构. 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]