小五台山白桦林雨季降水及再分配过程水化学特征  

Hydro-chemical Characteristics of Rainfall and Redistribution Process in Rainy Season of Birch Forest in XiaoWuTaiShan Area

作　　者：李联地 张树梓 陈海龙 史丽娟 LI Liandi;ZHANG Shuzi;CHEN Hailong;SHI Lijuan(Hebei Xiaowutaishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station/Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Science,Shijiazhuang,050061;Hebei Xiaowutaishan National Nature Reserve Management Center,Yuxian,075700)

机构地区：[1]河北小五台山森林生态系统定位研究站,河北省林业和草原科学研究院,河北石家庄050061 [2]河北小五台山国家级自然保护区管理中心,河北蔚县075700

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2025年第1期82-86,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：对河北小五台山山涧口流域白桦Betula platyphylla林降雨、穿透雨、树干径流、枯落物渗透水、坡面径流这5个过程的水样进行pH值、HCO_(3)-、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Fe^(2+)7个指标的测定。结果显示:(1)与降雨相比,再分配过程中水样的Mg^(2+)浓度下降;Fe^(2+)、Ca^(2+)、Mn^(2+)浓度升高,Zn^(2+)浓度除了在树干径流和坡面径流过程下降外,在其他分配过程中也呈上升趋势。(2)将树干径流与穿透雨比较,水样中Mn^(2+)、Fe^(2+)浓度升高,表现为淋出作用;Zn^(2+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)浓度降低,表现为吸附作用。把坡面径流与枯落物渗透水比较,水样中Zn^(2+)、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)浓度降低,表现为截留作用;Mn^(2+)、Fe^(2+)浓度升高,表现为淋出作用。(3)白桦林对雨量截留率达94%以上,其在水源涵养方面效果显著。(4)土壤中的Mg^(2+)、Fe^(2+)处于流失状态,Ca^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Zn^(2+)则处于保留积累状态。Water samples from five processes—rainfall,throughfall,stemflow,litter leachate,and slope runoff—were collected in the birch forest of the Xiaowutaishan Mountain,Shanjiankou Basin,to measure pH,HCO_(3)-,and the concentrations of Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Zn^(2+),Mn^(2+),and Fe^(2+).The results showed:(1)Compared to rainfall,Mg^(2+)concentrations decreased during redistribution processes,while Fe^(2+),Ca^(2+),and Mn^(2+)concentrations increased.Zn^(2+)concentrations showed an overall upward trend except for decreases observed in stemflow and slope runoff.(2)Compared to throughfall,Mn^(2+)and Fe^(2+)concentrations increased in stemflow,indicating leaching processes,while Zn^(2+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+)concentrations decreased,suggesting adsorption.Furthermore,slope runoff,compared to litter leachate,exhibited decreases in Zn^(2+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+)concentrations due to interception and increases in Mn^(2+)and Fe^(2+)concentrations due to leaching.(3)Birch forests intercepted over 94%of the rainfall,demonstrating their significant role in water conservation.(4)Mg^(2+)and Fe^(2+)were found to be in a state of net loss in the soil,while Ca^(2+),Mn^(2+),and Zn^(2+)remained in a state of accumulation.

关 键 词：白桦林 降雨 穿透雨 树干径流 枯落物渗透水 坡面径流 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学] S792.153