大尺度煤体原位脉动注水润湿降尘特性研究  

Study on wetting and dust reduction characteristics of in-situ pulsating water injection of large-scale coal

作　　者：王俊虎 WANG Junhu(Duerping Coal Mine,Xishan Coal Electricity Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030022,China)

机构地区：[1]山西焦煤西山煤电杜儿坪矿,山西太原030022

出　　处：《中国矿业》2025年第3期284-295,共12页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：为研究物化联合作用对煤层注水润湿降尘的影响规律,自主搭建了大尺度煤样真三轴煤层脉动注水试验系统,在综合分析8种单一表面活性剂润湿性能的基础上,添加酸液和无机盐助剂对十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和椰子油酸二乙醇胺(CDEA)进行正交复配研究。基于声发射系统监测、浸润速度测试、湿润角测试与煤样冲击产尘实验,研究复配溶液润湿性能及不同脉动频率、注水参数和注水成分下煤体孔裂隙扩展规律、损伤演化特征、注水量及分区含水率分布、冲击破碎产尘特性规律。研究结果表明:在表面活性剂-酸液-无机盐助剂联合作用下,煤粉平均沉降时间仅需48s,平均接触角较纯水降低28°以上。基于声发射振铃数和定位点分布规律可知,脉动注水方式能大幅增加煤体孔裂隙发育程度,低频脉动致裂速度较为缓慢,但能使煤体产生均匀、丰富的裂隙网络,高频脉动能更快使煤样产生较大的疲劳损伤,但易形成单向大裂隙。相较于传统恒压注水方式,脉动+添加剂协同注水增效下,煤体注水量最高达180.5037mL,提升33.41%,平均含水率最高达17.74%,提升4.95%,煤体破碎时75um以下粉尘的占比最大降幅达78.13%。煤体各区块含水率变化与声发射能量和振铃数大小表现出高度相关性,水流沿煤体内裂隙网络扩展,主要集中在声发射能量更强、振铃数更多的区域。In order to study the influence of combined physical and chemical effects on the wetting and dust reduction of coal seam water injection,a large-scale coal sample true triaxial coal seam pulsation water injection test system is built independently,and on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the wetting performance of eight single surfactants,orthogonal compounding of sodium dodecyl sulphate(SDS)and diethanolamine coconut oleate(CDEA)is carried out by adding acid and inorganic salt additives.Based on the acoustic emission system monitoring,wetting speed test,wetting angle test and coal sample impact dust production experiments,the wetting performance of the compounded solution,the expansion of coal body pores and cracks under different pulsation frequency,water injection parameter and water composition,the damage evolution characteristics,the distribution of water injection volume and water content in the area,and the characteristics of the impact crushing and dust production are investigated.The results show that under the combined effect of surfactant-acid and inorganic salt additives,the average settling time of coal dust is only 48 s,and the average contact angle is reduced by more than 28°compared with that of pure water.Based on the number of acoustic emission ringing and the distribution law of positioning points,it can be seen that the pulsation water injection method can greatly increase the degree of development of coal body pore cracks,lowfrequency pulsation fracturing speed is slow,but it can make the coal body produce a uniform and rich fracture network,and the high-frequency pulsation can make the coal samples produce larger fatigue damage faster,but it is easy to form unidirectional large fissures.Compared with the traditional constant pressure water injection method,under the synergistic injection efficiency of pulsation+additives,the water injection volume of the coal body reaches up to 180.5037 mL,which is 33.41% higher,the average water content reaches up to 17.74%,which is 4.95% higher,and

关 键 词：大尺度煤体 煤层注水 脉动频率 湿润剂 产尘特性 

分 类 号：TD714[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]