黄河流域陕西段大宗固废煤矸石综合利用现状与展望  

The status and prospects of comprehensive utilization concerning large quantities of coal gangue solid waste located in the Shaanxi District of the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：王振刚 马杨爱 朱才辉[3] 张佳瑶 曲波 WANG Zhengang;MA Yangai;ZHU Caihui;ZHANG Jiayao;QU Bo(China Coal Science and Technology Ecological Environment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;China Coal Technology&Engineering Circular Research Institute(Shaanxi)Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719404,China;Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工生态环境科技有限公司,北京100013 [2]中煤科工(陕西)资源循环研究院有限公司,陕西榆林719404 [3]西安理工大学岩土工程研究所,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《中国矿业》2025年第3期305-315,共11页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目资助(编号:2022-2-ZD004);中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目资助(编号:2024-2-KJHZ002)。

摘　　要：黄河流域陕西段是全国煤炭资源主产区之一,正面临着大宗煤矸石固废堆存量大、利用率低的挑战,影响着矿区生态环境保护、区内“无废城市”的建设进程和煤炭资源的绿色开发利用。本文对陕西五大煤炭产区的大宗煤矸石固废产生的地质背景、理化特征与类型进行深入总结和分析,同时还归纳总结了煤矸石固废综合利用的途径与方法。分析表明,陕西主要产煤区煤矸石的理化性质与类型存在明显的地区差异;煤矸石固废综合利用中,规模化处置以地面处置和地下处置方式为主,资源化利用是以建筑材料制备、矿物提取与化工产品开发为主。考虑煤炭资源开采引发的地质环境效应、区域内自然地理特征与固废特征等密切相关因素,提出了煤矸石固废综合利用与地质灾害防治、土地复垦、储能循环利用、多源固废协同开发利用的高值化利用新方法,并阐述了技术可行性与利用原理;遵循“就地取材、因地制宜”的利用方针,提出了煤电化产业链中多源固废分级分质协同循环利用的技术方法。本文研究内容对实现黄河流域陕西段大宗固废资源化高效利用、生态环境保护与优化区内产业布局等多方目标具有重要的指导意义。The Shaanxi District of the Yellow River Basin,as one of China’s primary coal production regions,is facing challenges including massive stockpiles of bulk coal gangue solid waste and low utilization rates.These issues impact ecological environment protection in mining areas,hinder the construction progress of the“Zero-Waste City”initiative within the region,and constrain green development and utilization of coal resources.This paper provides an in-depth summary and analysis of the geological background,physicochemical characteristics,and types of bulk coal gangue solid waste generated in the five major coal production areas of Shaanxi Province.It also systematically summarizes the pathways and methods for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue solid waste.The analysis indicates that there are significant regional variations in the physicochemical properties and types of coal gangue in Shaanxi’s major coal-producing areas.In the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue solid waste,large-scale disposal methods are primarily focused on surface and underground disposal approaches,while resource-oriented utilization mainly involves building material preparation,mineral extraction,and chemical product development.In light of the geological environmental impacts resulting from coal resource extraction,as well as the interrelated factors such as regional natural geographical features and characteristics of solid waste,this paper proposes innovative high-value utilization methods for comprehensive coal-based solid waste management.These methods encompass geological disaster prevention and control,land reclamation,energy storage and recycling,and the integrated development and utilization of multiple solid wastes.The technical feasibility and underlying principles of these methods are thoroughly examined.Adhering to the principle of“using local materials and adapting to local conditions”,this study also outlines technical approaches for hierarchical and qualitative collaborative recycling of multiple soli

关 键 词：煤矸石 综合处置 资源化利用 灾害防治 土地复垦 循环利用 

分 类 号：TD849.5[矿业工程—煤矿开采]