不同叶色大白菜花期光合特性研究  

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Leaf Color Chinese Cabbage in Flowering Period

作　　者：张丽莉[1] 张瑞清[1] 曹守军[1] 王虹云[1] 李涛[1] 姚建刚[1] ZHANG Lili;ZHANG Ruiqing;CAO Shoujun;WANG Hongyun;LI Tao;YAO Jiangang(Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yantai,Shandong 265500)

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台265500

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第6期42-49,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程资助项目(2023TSGC0903);国家现代产业技术体系建设专项资助项目(CARS-23-G11);山东省生态农业技术体系资助项目(SDAIT-30)。

摘　　要：以10个具有不同叶色的大白菜品种为试材,采用光合作用特性分析方法,研究了不同品种大白菜在生殖生长阶段的各个花期中叶色变化对植株光合速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度、蒸腾速率及种子产量的影响,以期为大白菜光合作用特性研究、高产栽培技术以及种子产量提升提供参考依据。结果表明:依据叶绿素含量聚类分析可将10个品种分为三大类,不同品种间,叶绿素含量高的类别其光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率较高,种子产量也高;同一品种的上、中、下叶总光合速率随着花期而逐渐上升,在初花期,中叶的光合速率最大,上叶与下叶相当;中花期和盛花期,主要呈中叶>上叶>下叶的趋势,主要功能叶上移,‘OD211’和‘Mar-50’品种在盛花期上叶的光合速率甚至超过中叶;同一品种的光合速率为盛花期>中花期>初花期,种子产量的大小关系与盛花期的光合速率呈正相关,说明盛花期的光合速率对种子产量起到了关键性的作用。Taking 10 varieties of Chinese cabbage with different leaf colors as test materials,the effects of leaf color changes on plant photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,transpiration rate,and seed yield during various flowering periods of different varieties of Chinese cabbage were studied by using photosynthesis characteristic analysis methods,in order to provide reference for the study of photosynthesis characteristics,high-yield cultivation techniques,and seed yield improvement of Chinese cabbage.The results showed that,according to the cluster analysis of chlorophyll content,the 10 varieties could be divided into 3 categories.Among different varieties,the photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and seed yield of the varieties with high chlorophyll content were higher.The total photosynthetic rate of the upper,middle and lower leaves of the same variety increased gradually with the flowering period.At the early flowering stage,the photosynthetic rate of the middle leaves was the highest,and the upper leaves were equivalent to the lower leaves.At the middle flowering stage and full flowering stage,the trend was mainly middle leaf>upper leaf>lower leaf,the main function leaves move up.The photosynthetic rate of the upper leaves of‘OD211’and‘Mar-50’varieties was even higher than that of the middle leaves at the full flowering stage.The photosynthetic rate of the same variety was full flowering stage>middle flowering stage>early flowering stage,the relationship between seed yield and photosynthetic rate at full-bloom stage was positively correlated,it indicated that the photosynthetic rate at full-bloom stage played a key role in seed yield.

关 键 词：叶色 大白菜 花期 光合特性 种子产量 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]