辣椒种子炭疽菌和疫霉菌实时荧光定量检测技术建立及应用  

Establishment and Application of Real-time Quantitative PCR Detection Technology for Anthracnose and Phytophthora Pathogens in Pepper Seeds

作　　者：兰嘉仪 谢芳玲 李诗 杨廷 张正 袁思怡 吴婷 朱宏建[3] 刘峰 戴雄泽[1,2,4] LAN Jiayi;XIE Fangling;LI Shi;YANG Ting;ZHANG Zheng;YUAN Siyi;WU Ting;ZHU Hongjian;LIU Feng;DAI Xiongze(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Education,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;College of Plant Protection,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Yuelu Mountain Laboratory,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]园艺作物种质创新与新品种选育教育部工程研究中心,蔬菜生物学湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]岳麓山实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2025年第3期55-65,共11页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-A-15);抗病抗逆辣椒良种攻关项目(2022010501)。

摘　　要：疫病和炭疽病是辣椒生产上的主要病害,不仅降低产量,还会影响辣椒的外观品质,种子带菌是辣椒生产中病害发生的原因之一。从山西、海南、安徽辣椒杂交种子生产基地发生疫病和炭疽病的辣椒果实和植株上分离到菌株SX22、SX26、SX45,通过病原菌形态学鉴定和分子生物学鉴定,确定为疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici)、平头炭疽菌(Colletotrichum truncatum)、斯高威尔炭疽菌(Colletotrichum scovillei)。针对疫霉菌、平头炭疽菌分别设计了特异性引物PC-F/PC-R和ITS1/CT-R,针对斯高威尔炭疽菌筛选了特异性引物CS-F/CS-R,建立了辣椒种子平头炭疽菌、斯高威尔炭疽菌和疫霉菌实时荧光定量PCR检测体系。2023年对山西、海南、安徽3个生产基地的辣椒杂交种子70份样品进行了检测,疫霉菌和斯高威尔炭疽菌种子带菌率分别为70.0%和72.9%。该体系为种子质检和辣椒病害的早期预防提供了重要技术支持。Phytophthora blight and anthracnose are major diseases affecting pepper production,not only reducing yields but also compromising fruit quality.Seedborne pathogens are one of the primary causes of disease outbreaks during cultivation.In this study,strains SX22,SX26,and SX45 were isolated from diseased pepper fruits and plants affected by Phytophthora blight and anthracnose in hybrid seed production bases in Shanxi,Hainan,and Anhui provinces.Pathogen identification based on morphological and molecular biology analyses confirmed these strains as Phytophthora capsici,Colletotrichum truncatum,and Colletotrichum scovillei,respectively.Specific primers PC-F/PC-R and ITS1/CT-R were designed for P.capsici and C.truncatum,while CS-F/CS-R primers were developed for C.scovillei.A realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR)detection system was established for detecting C.truncatum,C.scovillei,and P.capsici in pepper seeds.In 2023,this system was applied to 70 pepper hybrid seed samples collected from production bases in Shanxi,Hainan,and Anhui provinces.The seed infection rates for P.capsici and C.scovillei were 70.0%and 72.9%,respectively.This detection system provides critical technical support for seed quality inspection and early prevention of pepper diseases.

关 键 词：种子带菌 辣椒 实时荧光定量PCR 病原鉴定 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]