蒲公英白粉病病原菌鉴定及种质资源抗病性评价  

Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria of Dandelion Powdery Mildew and Evaluation of Germplasm Resistance

作　　者：冯薇 吴哲[1] 孟然 李赵嘉 鲁雪林[1] 张丽娜[2] 王秀萍[1] FENG Wei;WU Zhe;MENG Ran;LI Zhaojia;LU Xuelin;ZHANG Li’na;WANG Xiuping(Institute of Coastal Agricultural,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Tangshan 063299,Hebei,China;Tangshan Normal University,Tangshan 063299,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所,河北唐山063299 [2]唐山师范学院,河北唐山063299

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2025年第3期104-110,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费资助项目(2023010101);河北省省级科技计划项目(21326312D-8);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-BHS-4)。

摘　　要：为明确蒲公英白粉病病原菌及蒲公英种质资源抗病性,调查蒲公英白粉病田间发病症状并利用显微镜观察白粉病病原菌侵染过程,利用形态学和分子生物学解析白粉病病原菌种类及生理小种;评价蒲公英种质资源的抗病性。结果表明:病原菌在侵染蒲公英叶片时有4个关键时期:接种后5 d为分生孢子萌发期,10 d为分生孢子形成高峰期,15~20 d为次生菌丝形成高峰期,30 d为分生孢子梗形成高峰期。通过感白粉病蒲公英病样中分离和纯化获得白粉病病原菌BFBJ,病原菌BFBJ能在蒲公英叶片上产生明显的白粉状霉斑及竹节状纵横交错的菌丝分支;通过微生物多样性与宏基因组云分析,病原菌BFBJ为叉丝单囊壳菌(Podosphaera macrospora)。对92个蒲公英资源人工接种蒲公英白粉病病原菌BFBJ,按照病情指数划分为7个抗白粉病级别,其中40个种质资源的抗性级别为易感(S)或高感(HS);37个种质资源的抗性级别为中感(MS)或中抗(MR);9个种质资源的抗性级别为抗病(R);5个种质资源的抗性级别为高抗(HR);1个种质资源的抗性级别为免疫(Ⅰ)。试验成功从感病蒲公英植株中分离和鉴定病原菌,通过种质资源抗病性评价获得1个免疫资源和5个高抗资源,可用于后期抗病育种研究。To clarify the pathogen of dandelion powdery mildew and the disease resistance of dandelion germplasm resources,the field symptoms of dandelion powdery mildew and the infection process of the pathogen were investigated under a microscope.The species and physiological races of the pathogen were analyzed by morphology and molecular biology,and the disease resistance of dandelion germplasm resources was evaluated.The results showed that there were four key periods during the infection of dandelion leaves by the pathogen:5 days after inoculation was the germination period of conidia,10 days was the peak period of conidia formation,15-20 days was the peak period of secondary hyphae formation,and 30 days was the peak period of conidial stalk formation.The powdery mildew pathogen BFBJ was isolated and purified from the powdery mildew-infected dandelion samples.The pathogen BFBJ could produce obvious white powdery mold spots and bamboo-joint-like crisscrossing hyphae branches on dandelion leaves.Through microbial diversity and metagenomic cloud analysis,the pathogen BFBJ was identified as Podosphaera macrospora.92 dandelion resources were artificially inoculated with the powdery mildew pathogen BFBJ,and were classified into 7 resi stance levels according to the disease index.Among them,40 germplasm resources were classified as susceptible(S)or highly susceptible(HS);37 germplasm resources were classified as moderately susceptible(MS)or moderately resistant(MR);9 germplasm resources were classified as resistant(R);5 germplasm resources were classified as highly resistant(HR);1 germplasm resource was classified as immune(Ⅰ).This study successfully isolated and identified the pathogen from the infected dandelion plants,and through the evaluation of disease resistance of germplasm resources,one immune resource and five highly resistant resources were obtained,which can be used for further disease-resistant breeding research.

关 键 词：蒲公英 白粉病 生理小种鉴定 抗病性评价 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]