2016—2022年重庆市渝北区饮用水水质变化趋势分析  

Changing trend analysis of drinking water quality in Yubei District of Chongqing,China,2016—2022

作　　者：徐红 韩小娅[1] 唐佳佳 魏科[1] 王明博 田清树 唐银霜 唐程梦 吴晓凤 谢明明 XU Hong;HAN Xiao-ya;TANG Jia-jia;WEI Ke;WANG Ming-bo;TIAN Qing-shu;TANG Yin-shuang;TANG Cheng-meng;WU Xiao-feng;XIE Ming-ming(Yubei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 401120,China;Department of Labor Health and Environmental Health,Chongqing Medical University)

机构地区：[1]重庆市渝北区疾病预防控制中心,重庆401120 [2]重庆医科大学劳动卫生与环境卫生学教研室

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2025年第3期198-202,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：国家疾病预防控制局卫生与免疫规划司项目(2024):环境健康宣教策略研究与典型案例示范推广。

摘　　要：目的通过对2016—2022年重庆市渝北区城乡饮用水监测数据的分析,从而了解本区饮用水水质变化趋势,为持续提高饮用水水质提供技术支持和决策依据。方法收集整理2016—2022年重庆市渝北区城乡饮用水监测数据,采用χ^(2)检验及年度变化百分比等分析水质变化趋势。结果2016—2022年渝北区共监测饮用水水样1216份,总达标率为67.52%;饮用水达标率呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(APC=12.06,P<0.05)。农村水达标率低于城市水,末梢水和出厂水达标率低于城市二次供水,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);饮用水丰水期与枯水期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。农村水、丰水期、枯水期、出厂水的达标率整体呈波动上升趋势(P<0.05);城市水和末梢水的达标率在2016—2020年整体呈波动上升趋势(P<0.05),2020—2022年达标率趋于稳定;2016—2022年微生物指标达标率为73.77%,毒理指标达标率为94.16%,感官性状和一般化学指标达标率为91.12%;主要超标指标菌落总数和总大肠菌群的达标率呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论2016—2022年渝北区饮用水水质整体呈现向好趋势,但需重点关注农村饮用水水质,从而更好的保障人民群众饮水安全。Objective To investigate the changing trend of drinking water quality in Yubei District of Chongqing,China through the analysis of monitoring data of urban and rural drinking water in Yubei District from 2016 to 2022,and to provide technical support and decision-making basis for continuously improving drinking water quality.Methods The monitoring data of drinking water in urban and rural areas of Yubei District of Chongqing from 2016 to 2022 were collected.The Chi-square test and annual percent change(APC)were used to analyze the changing trend of water quality.Results from 2016 to 2022,a total of 1216 urban and rural drinking water samples were monitored in Yubei District,and the total qualified rate was 67.52%.The qualified rate of drinking water significantly increased year by year(APC=12.06,P<0.05).The qualified rate of rural water was significantly lower than that of urban water,and that of terminal water and finished water was significantly lower than that of urban secondary water(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in drinking water between the wet season and dry season(P>0.05).The qualified rates of rural water,water in the wet season,water in the dry season,and finished water showed an overall fluctuating upward trend(P<0.05).The qualified rates of urban water and terminal water showed an overall fluctuating upward trend from 2016 to 2020(P<0.05)and tended to be stable from 2020 to 2022.The qualified rates of microbial indicators,toxicological indicators,and sensory traits and general chemical indicators from 2016 to 2022 were 73.77%,94.16%,and 91.12%,respectively.The main unqualified indicators were total colony count and total coliforms,and their qualified rates showed an upward trend(P<0.05).Conclusion from 2016 to 2022,the overall drinking water quality in Yubei District showed a positive trend.However,it is necessary to focus on the rural drinking water quality,so as to better ensure the drinking water safety of the people.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 水质 监测 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]