H型钢开坯轧制腹板增厚机理及规程优化  

Mechanism of Web Thickening in Roughing Rolling of H-Beam and Its Pass Schedule Optimization

作　　者：汤磊 张文满 沈晓辉 TANG Lei;ZHANG Wenman;SHEN Xiaohui(School of Metallurgical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Maanshan 243032,China;Long Products Business Department,Maanshan Iron&Steel Co.,Ltd,Maanshan 243000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032 [2]马鞍山钢铁有限公司长材事业部,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期136-142,共7页Journal of Anhui University of Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金钢铁联合基金项目(U1860105)。

摘　　要：H型钢轧制不均匀变形主要集中在异形孔开坯轧制阶段,异形孔轧制尺寸精度控制对后续的万能轧制有重要影响。为此,采用有限元分析软件MARC/SuperForm对尺寸为900 mm×510 mm×130 mm异形坯的开坯轧制过程进行模拟仿真,分析腹板厚度变化的关键影响因素及其影响机制。根据模拟结果,优化H型钢开坯轧制规程,即调整压下量分配,降低最后一道次腹板的压下量,减小腹板和翼缘的延伸率差异,从而降低腹板增厚程度。结果表明:腹板厚度在变形区出口附近显著增加,开坯结束时腹板厚度相比设定厚度增加了8.4 mm,这主要是腹板与翼缘的延伸率差异所致。变形区腹板金属承受三向压力,轧件离开变形区时,轧辊的压力和横向阻力逐渐消失,但翼缘对腹板施加的轧向压力并不会立即消失,腹板继续受到轧向压应力作用,导致腹板厚度继续增厚;腹板的延伸率通常大于翼缘,特别是在压下量较大的情况下,延伸率差异显著,导致轧件出变形区后的增厚量较大。采用优化的H型钢开坯规程,开坯轧制结束腹板厚度增厚量由原先的8.4 mm减至3.7 mm,可有效提高腹板部位的尺寸精度。The uneven deformation during the rolling of H-beam is primarily concentrated in the roughing stage of shaped pass rolling.The dimensional precision control in shaped pass rolling has a significant impact on the subsequent universal rolling process.To this end,the finite element analysis software MARC/SuperForm was utilized to simulate the opening rolling process of a shaped billet with dimensions of 900 mm×510 mm×130 mm.The key factors and influencing mechanisms of web thickness variation were analyzed.Based on the simulation results,the roughing rolling schedule for H-beam was optimized by adjusting the reduction distribution,specifically reducing the reduction in the web during the final pass,and minimizing the elongation difference between the web and flange,thereby reducing the degree of web thickening.The results indicate that the web thickness significantly increases near the exit of the deformation zone,with the web thickness at the end of roughing being 8.4 mm greater than the set thickness.This is primarily due to the difference in elongation between the web and flange.In the deformation zone,the web metal is subjected to triaxial compressive stress.When the workpiece exits the deformation zone,the pressure and transverse resistance from the rolls gradually disappear,but the rolling-direction pressure exerted by the flange on the web does not disappear immediately.The web continues to experience compressive stress in the rolling direction,leading to further thickening of the web.The elongation of the web is typically greater than that of the flange,especially under conditions of large reductions,resulting in significant elongation differences and substantial thickening of the web after exiting the deformation zone.By adopting the optimized roughing schedule for H-beam,the thickening of the web at the end of roughing rolling is reduced from the original 8.4 mm to 3.7 mm,effectively improving the dimensional accuracy of the web section.

关 键 词：H型钢 开坯轧制 万能轧制 异形孔 腹板 辊缝 规程优化 有限元模拟 

分 类 号：TG335.4[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]