论帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的主观明知  

On the Subjective Knowledge of the Crime of Helping Information Network Crime

作　　者：金泽刚[1] 金斌海 Jin Zegang;Jin Binhai(Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;Beijing Zhongkai(Shanghai)Law Firm,Shanghai 200120)

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海200092 [2]北京中凯(上海)律师事务所,上海200120

出　　处：《警学研究》2024年第6期5-19,共15页Police Science Research

摘　　要：帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪条文具有模糊性,加之网络犯罪案件司法解释推定条款的概括表达,使得理论界和实务界对本罪主观明知的认定暴露出诸多困境。从刑法及相关解释规定可知,明知系犯罪故意的认识因素,但是对于明知的程度和证明因立法与司法多样规定及实践案例裁判不一而尚存争议,进而影响帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪明知的认定。有关本罪明知的程度争议,明知范围包含明确知道和推定明知,其中根据司法解释条文规定目的,经综合审查后严格推定的应当知道情形属后者范畴;有关本罪明知对象的内涵,应遵循犯罪行为说,且应排除掩隐罪的事后犯意和他罪共犯的共同犯意;明知的刑事证明应依次运用直接证明、间接证明和推定证明三条路径,对于证据收集和审查可遵循“原子主义”证明模式,推定条款应当在综合考察全案证据的前提下依法严格适用,避免简化、泛化适用倾向。The provisions of the crime of assisting in information network criminal activities are ambiguous.Coupled with the general expression of the presumptive clauses in the judicial interpretations of network crime cases,many difficulties have been exposed.In the determination of the subjective knowledge of this crime in both the theoretical and practical fields.It can be known from the Criminal Law and relevant interpretations that“knowing”is the cognitive factor of criminal intent.However,due to the diverse provisions in legislation and judicature as well as the inconsistent judgments in practical cases,there are disputes regarding the degree of“knowing”and its proof,which affect the determination of“knowing”in this crime.Regarding the dispute over the degree of“knowing”in this crime,it includes“clearly knowing”and“presumed knowing”.Among them,the situation of“should have known”which is strictly presumed after comprehensive review according to the purpose of the judicial interpretation provisions belongs to the latter category.Regarding the connotation of the object of“knowing”in this crime,the theory of criminal act should be followed,and the post-crime intention of concealing the crime and the joint crime intention of other crime accomplices should be excluded.The criminal proof of“knowing”should successively use three paths:direct proof,indirect proof and presumptive proof.For evidence collection and review,the atomistic proof model can be followed.The presumptive clause should be strictly applied in accordance with the law under the premise of comprehensively examining all the evidence in the case to avoid the tendency of simplified and generalized application.

关 键 词：帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪 明知 主观心态 推定 

分 类 号：D924.11[政治法律—刑法学]