语调是非问句的语调形式与区别特征  

The Intonation Forms and the Characteristics of Intonation yes-no Question

作　　者：靳奇异 彭家法[1] JIN Qi-yi;PENG Jia-fa(College of literature,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,Anhui)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《陇东学院学报》2025年第1期17-22,共6页Journal of Longdong University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“面向自然语言理解的逻辑构建和符号接地问题的哲学心理学研究”(18ZDA032);安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目“询问句的形式语义和句法机制研究”(AHSKY2020D133)。

摘　　要：句末升调表达“疑问”语义,高升语调表达“反预期”语义。句末升调出现于中性语境,高升语调仅出现于话语信息超出说话人预期的语境。揣度类语气副只能出现在表“疑问”语义的语调是非问句中,反预期类语气副词只能出现在表“反预期”语义的语调是非问句中。与回声问句和陈述句的对比,可以突显语调是非问句的特点:语调是非问句可以回应非语言但凸显的命题,要求听话人对命题做出承诺。表“疑问”的语调是非问句体现了问话人和受话人的互动性,表“反预期”的语调是非问句表达问话人对事件强烈的主观立场、态度或情感,同时问话人也关注受话人的立场、态度或情感,体现出交互主观性。The end rising intonation expresses"question"semantics,and the high rising intonation expresses"counter-expectation"semantics.The end rising intonation occurs in neutral contexts;the high rising intonation only in contexts where the discourse information exceeds the speaker's expectations.Speculative subjunctive can only be found in"question"intonation yes-no questions;counter-expectation subjunctive can only be found in""counter-expectation"intonation yes-no questions.In contrast to the echo question and the declarative sentence,can highlight the features of intonation yes-no question.Intonation yes-no question can respond to non-verbal but salient propositions,requiring the hearer to commit to the proposition.The"question"intonation yes-no question reflects the interactive nature of the questioner and the addressee;the"counter-expectation"yes-no question that expresses the interrogator's strong subjective position,attitude or emotion about the event.At the same time the questioner is also concerned with the position,attitude or emotion of the addressee,reflecting interactive subjectivity.

关 键 词：句末升调 高升语调 语义分工 区别特征 互动性 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]