强化混凝处理放射性洗消废水研究  

Study on Coagulation Treatment of Uranium-containing Radioactive Decontamination Wastewater

作　　者：李智强 蒋可为 张宇航 阳志林 李娇 郭丽潇[1] 武明亮[1] 崔安熙[1] Li Zhiqiang;Jiang Kewei;Zhang Yuhang;Yang Zhiling;Li Jiao;Guo Lixiao;Wu Mingliang;Cui Anxi(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《广东化工》2025年第3期93-96,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科技基金(U1967215);国家自然基金青年项目(2206175)。

摘　　要：放射性洗消废水表面活性剂含量较高,且具有放射性,需要进行高效快速的处理。本研究以聚合氯化铝(PAC)为絮凝剂,以聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为助凝剂,以氢氧化钠(NaOH)和硝酸(HNO_(3))调节水样pH值,确定了不同浓度洗消废水混凝沉淀效果和主要影响因素,并通过强化混凝技术进行酸碱强化和水溶性聚合物羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)强化进一步提升洗消废水中放射性核素和化学需氧量(COD)的去除率。通过实验研究可以发现,强化混凝技术处理含铀洗消废水的最佳工艺条件为:PAC和PAM的投加量分别为10 g/L和1 g/L,HPMC投加量为2 g/L。通过复合强化混凝处理后,铀、铈离子和COD去除率分别可达99.80%、99.79%和91.02%。综上所述,强化混凝技术可以有效地处理放射性洗消废水,对放射性核素和有机物均有较好的去除效果。Radioactive decontamination wastewater has high surfactant content and is radioactive and toxic,so it needs to be treated efficiently and quickly.In this study,poly aluminum chloride(PAC)was used as coagulant,polyacrylamide(PAM)as coagulant aid,and sodium hydroxide(NaOH)and nitric acid(HNO_(3))were used to adjust the pH value of water samples The coagulation effect and main influencing factors of different concentration of decontamination wastewater were determined,and the removal rates of radionuclides and chemical oxygen demand(COD)in decontamination wastewater were further improved by intensive coagulation technology.The results show that the optimum conditions for using this treatment method are as follows:The reaction pH value is 7,the dosage of PAC and PAM is 10 g/L and 1 g/L respectively,and the dosage of water-soluble polymer HPMC is 2 g/L.After the composite enhanced coagulation treatment,the removal rate of uranium ion can reach 99.8%,the removal rate of cerium ion can reach 99.79%,and the removal rate of COD can reach 91.02%.In summary,intensive coagulation technology can effectively treat radioactive decontamination wastewater,and has a good removal effect on radionuclides and organic matter.

关 键 词：放射性洗消废水 混凝沉淀 PAC PAM 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]