厢式压滤法处理核电厂低放射性淤泥技术研究  

Study on the Treatment of Low-level Radioactive Sludge in Nuclear Power Plant by Chamber Filter Press

作　　者：王浩[1] 万勇 卫超梦 张惠炜 高超[1] 张志刚[2] 高凯 Wang Hao;Wan Yong;Wei Chaomeng;Zhang Huiwei;Gao Chao;Zhang Zhigang;Gao Kai(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China;Daya Bay Nuclear Power Operation Management Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,山西太原030006 [2]大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《广东化工》2025年第3期109-111,90,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：核电厂运行期间会产生一部分低放射性淤泥,主要来自放射性系统容器(PTR、SRE、TEU等)的底部沉积,这些低放射性淤泥通常含水率较高,无法直接进行处置,放射性水平也不满足解控要求,国内针对低放射性淤泥的处理仍没有切实可行的方法,目前多处于暂存状态。本研究针对核电厂低放射性淤泥的处理问题,开展厢式压滤法处理低放射性淤泥的可行性研究,并探究了压滤压力、压滤时间、滤布类型等工艺条件的影响情况。研究发现,低放射性淤泥经厢式压滤处理可以有效降低废物体积,产生的泥饼含水率低且均一性良好,可有效降低后续工艺处理难度。压滤压力对压滤过程具有显著的影响,提高压滤压力可有效降低泥饼含水率。通过对比,750B滤布最适用于低放射性淤泥的处理,具有较好的易剥离性、透水性和放射性核素截留效果,压滤处理后淤泥中的放射性核素绝大多数仍存留于泥饼内。During the operation of nuclear power plants will produce a certain amount of low-level radioactive sludge,mainly from the bottom of the radioactive system container(PTR,SRE,TEU,etc.).Low-level radioactive sludge is usually high moisture content,can not be disposed directly.The sludge radioactive level does not meet the clearance requirements.There is still no practical method for the treatment of low-level radioactive sludge in China,and most of the sludge is in a temporary storage state at present.In this study,the feasibility study of chamber filter press treating low-level radioactive sludge was carried out,and the influence of filter pressure,filter press time,filter cloth type in filter press was investigated.The study results found that the volume of low-level radioactive sludge can be effectively reduced by the filter press treatment,and the mud cake has low moisture content and good uniformity,which can effectively reduce the difficulty of subsequent process treatment.The filter pressure has a significant effect on the filter press,and increasing the filter pressure can effectively reduce the moisture content of mud cake.By comparison,750B filter cloth is the most suitable for the treatment of low-level radioactive sludge,and has good stripping,water permeability and radionuclides retention effect.Most of the radionuclides in the sludge after filter press treatment still remain in the mud cake.

关 键 词：压滤 含水率 低放射性淤泥 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程]