多菌灵和毒死蜱的氯化降解及太阳光光解特性研究  

Chlorination degradation and photolysis properties of carbendazim and chlorpyrifos

作　　者：赵莹莹 贾海祥 林雨 迟凯璐 李晓茹 马晓妍 ZHAO Yingying;JIA Haixiang;LIN Yu;CHI Kailu;LI Xiaoru;MA Xiaoyan(Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology(Ministry of Education),Key Lab of Environmental Engineering(Shaanxi Province),School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西省环境工程重点实验室,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第3期111-122,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.52170050)。

摘　　要：加氯消毒是污水厂的常用工艺,但加氯过程对痕量有机物的去除效果与生物毒性变化尚不清楚,而太阳光对于去除污水厂二级出水中的痕量有机物具有极大的应用潜力.本研究以多菌灵(CBN)和毒死蜱(CPF)为研究对象,分别从降解动力学、影响因素、降解路径和生物毒性等方面探究了二者的氯化和光解特性.结果表明,CBN和CPF均可氯化降解,5 min内可降解98%以上.CBN在光照条件下难降解,而CPF经8 h光照后可降解50%以上.pH的改变会影响CPF光解效果,且水中存在的阴离子(NO_(3)^(-)、HCO_(3)^(-))和溶解性有机物(DOM)对CPF光降解均有不同程度的抑制作用.而pH、HCO_(3)^(-)和DOM对CBN光降解几乎不起作用,NO_(3)^(-)能够促进CBN光降解.根据降解产物分析,CBN和CPF在氯化和太阳光辐照条件下降解机理与路径不同.生物毒性结果表明,氯化后,CBN和CPF的急性毒性分别升高了11.04%和16.85%,遗传毒性分别升高了8.54%和9.59%.光照后,CPF的急性毒性和遗传毒性均有所降低.本研究可为水环境中新污染物的治理与生态安全保障提供一定理论依据.Chlorination is commonly applied in wastewater treatment plants,but its effects on the removal of trace organic pollutants and associated biotoxicity variations remain unclear.Meanwhile,sunlight has promising effect on the removal of trace organic pollutants in secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plant.In this study,the chlorination and photolysis properties of two chemicals,carbendazim(CBN)and chlorpyrifos(CPF),were investigated in terms of degradation kinetics,influence factors,degradation pathways and biotoxicities,respectively.The results showed that both CBN and CPF could be degraded by more than 98%within 5 min during chlorination process.Under sunlight irradiation,CBN proved resistant to degradation,while CPF underwent rapid photodegradation,with more than 50%removal after 8 h of exposure.The pH values affected the photolysis efficiency of CPF,and the presence of anions(NO_(3)^(-),HCO_(3)^(-))and dissolved organic matter(DOM)inhibited its photolysis.However,pH,HCO_(3)^(-)and DOM had little effect on the photodegradation of CBN,while NO_(3)^(-)accelerated its degradation.Based on the degradation products analysis,it was shown that the degradation mechanisms and pathways of CBN and CPF were different.Biotoxicity tests indicated that the acute toxicity of CBN and CPF increased by 11.04%and 16.85%,and their genotoxicities rose by 8.54%and 9.59%after chlorination,respectively.In contrast,the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of CPF were reduced after exposing to sunlight.This study will provide a theoretical basis for addressing chemicals of emerging concern and improving the ecological safety of aquatic environments.

关 键 词：多菌灵 毒死蜱 光解 氯化 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]