固定化黑曲霉降解3-苯氧基苯甲酸的作用途径及对溴氰菊酯废水的修复效果  

Degradation of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by immobilized Aspergillus niger and remediation effect on deltamethrin wastewater

作　　者：吴秀 王娴[1] 余亚韩 谢启晓 沈璐垚 陈馨妍 陈祺月 朱婕语 刘怡琳 何沛益 张宝欣 王长春[1] 刘鹏[1] WU Xiu;WANG Xian;YU Yahan;XIE Qixiao;SHEN Luyao;CHEN Xinyan;CHEN Qiyue;ZHU Jieyu;LIU Yilin;HE Peiyi;ZHANG Baoxin;WANG Changchun;LIU Peng(College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院,金华321004

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第3期123-134,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31971426,30770161);2023年浙江省大学生创新创业训练计划(No.S202310345052)。

摘　　要：为减小溴氰菊酯(Deltamethrin,DM)中间代谢产物3-苯氧基苯甲酸(3-phenoxybenzoic acid,3-PBA)污染带来的不利影响,本研究以黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)为实验材料,利用吸附包埋法制备固定化黑曲霉颗粒,以3-PBA降解率为效应值,采用响应面法优化固定参数,比较DM和3-PBA的降解率与半衰期等变化,验证固定化黑曲霉的实际应用效果,并通过测定3-PBA的降解产物与代谢方式,探究其降解特性.结果表明,在生物炭浓度、海藻酸钠浓度、菌液接种量分别为1.32、22.42、136.03 g·L^(-1)时,制备的固定化黑曲霉性能最佳.在此条件下,3-PBA的去除率达到72.49%,DM与3-PBA半衰期显著缩短,污染废水的生物毒性显著降低.此外,黑曲霉可通过两种途径降解3-PBA:途径一,由3-PBA产生中间代谢产物5-羟基-3-苯氧基苯甲酸,并以双加氧酶断裂醚键生成苯酚与没食子酸;途径二,3-PBA利用双加氧酶断裂二苯醚键,产生原儿茶酸与苯酚.综上,本研究经黑曲霉固定化条件优化实现了3-PBA的高效降解,初步探讨了其降解路径,可为DM废水治理提供理论依据.To alleviate the adverse effects of deltamethrin pollution,Aspergillus niger was used as experimental material to prepare immobilized A.niger pellets by adsorption embedding method.Plackett-Burman experimental coupling response surface method was used to optimize the immobilization parameters,and the degradation degree and product half-life changes of deltamethrin(DM)wastewater under different treatments were compared to verify the practical application effect of immobilized A.niger.The degradation products and metabolic mode of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid were determined to explore its degradation characteristics.The results showed that the immobilized A.niger had the best performance when the biochar concentration,sodium alginate concentration,and inoculation amount were 1.32,22.42 and 136.03 g·L^(-1),respectively.Under these conditions,the removal rate of 3-PBA reached 72.49%,the half-lives of DM and 3-PBA were significantly shortened,and the biotoxic effects of wastewater was significantly reduced.A.niger can degrade 3-PBA through two ways:the first way is to produce 5-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzoic acid from 3-PBA,and use dioxygenase to break the ether bond to produce phenol and gallic acid;Pathway 2,3-PBA uses dioxygenase to break the diphenyl ether bond to produce protocatechuic acid and phenol.In summary,this study optimized the immobilization conditions of A.niger to achieve the efficient degradation of DM and explored the degradation path of 3-PBA,providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of DM wastewater.

关 键 词：溴氰菊酯 黑曲霉 3-苯氧基苯甲酸 固定化 响应面法 废水修复 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]