构建CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)复合材料用于光催化降解及修饰电极检测盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱  

Construction of CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)composite material for photocatalytic degradation and modified electrode detection of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride

作　　者：王晓云 付爱民 WANG Xiaoyun;FU Aimin(School of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350008;Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Company Limited,Ningde 355200)

机构地区：[1]福建理工大学生态环境与城市建设学院,福州350008 [2]福建宁德核电有限公司,宁德355200

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第3期170-184,共15页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

摘　　要：采用超声共沉淀法制备了不同质量比的CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)复合材料,通过XRD、SEM、UV-Vis DRS、FTIR和XPS对催化剂进行了分析,瞬态光电流密度、EIS阻抗谱、PL光谱结果进一步证实了电荷转移特性.结果表明,CeO_(2)添加量相对于g-C_(3)N_(5)的质量比为2.5时复合材料性能最优.可见光条件下100 min内2.5CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)对盐酸麻黄碱(EPH)、盐酸伪麻黄碱(PSE)的降解率可达到99.5%,经过10次循环实验后,降解率仍能达到90%以上.能带结构、电子转移理论预测及活性基团检测结果分析得出CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)电荷转移遵循S型异质结机理,活性物种对光催化降解的贡献率依次是·O_(2)^(–)、·OH和h+.以2.5CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)修饰GCE电极,构建新型传感器.循环伏安(CV)表征表明,2.5CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)/GCE可以提供更多的电化学活性位点,能够显著提高电子转移能力,能够实现EPH与PSE同步检测,线性范围分别为0.01~1258、0.02~1151μmol·L^(-1),检测限(S/N=3)分别为1.2、1.3 nmol·L^(-1),灵敏度分别为0.451、0.493μA·μmoL^(-1)·L·cm-2.此电极对EPH与PSE具良好的选择性、重现性和稳定性,实际水样检测回收率在95.60%~103.67%之间,相对标准偏差小于3.6%.CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)composite materials with varying mass ratios were synthesized using an ultrasonic-coprecipitation method.The catalysts were characterized by XRD,SEM,UV-Vis DRS,FTIR,and XPS.Transient photocurrent density,EIS impedance spectra,and PL spectra further confirmed the charge transfer properties.Results indicated optimal composite performance when the mass ratio of CeO_(2)to g-C_(3)N_(5)was 2.5.Under visible light conditions,2.5 CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)achieved a 99.5%degradation rate for ephedrine hydrochloride(EPH)and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride(PSE)within 100 minutes.After 10 experimental cycles,the degradation rate remained above 90%.Analysis of energy band structure,electron transfer theory predictions,and active group detection revealed that CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)charge transfer follows an S-scheme heterojunction mechanism.The contribution of active species to photocatalytic degradation was determined to be·O_(2)^(–),·OH,and h+,in descending order.A novel sensor was constructed by modifying a glassy carbon electrode(GCE)with 2.5CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5).Cyclic voltammetry(CV)characterization demonstrated that 2.5CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5)/GCE provided more electrochemical active sites,significantly enhancing electron transfer capabilities.This sensor enabled simultaneous detection of EPH and PSE with linear ranges of 0.01~1258 and 0.02~1151μmol·L^(-1),respectively.Detection limits(S/N=3)were 1.2 nmol·L^(-1)for EPH and 1.3 nmol·L^(-1)for PSE,with sensitivities of 0.451 and 0.493μA·μmoL^(-1)·L·cm-2,respectively.The electrode exhibited excellent selectivity,reproducibility,and stability for EPH and PSE detection.In real water sample analyses,recovery rates ranged from 95.60%to 103.67%,with relative standard deviations below 3.6%.

关 键 词：CeO_(2)@g-C_(3)N_(5) 盐酸麻黄碱 盐酸伪麻黄碱 S型异质结 光催化降解 电化学检测 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]