城市闸控河流汛期溢流污染特征及影响因素  

Characteristics and influencing factors of overflow pollution in urban gatecontrolled rivers during the rainy season

作　　者：杨广平 何梦男 陈诚[1] 崔桢 莫康乐 何嵘 张强 姚创宏 YANG Guangping;HE Mengnan;CHEN Cheng;CUI Zhen;MO Kangle;HE Rong;ZHANG Qiang;YAO Chuanghong(Center for Eco-environmental Research,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024;Gulou District Water Affairs Bureau,Nanjing 210036)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院生态环境研究所,南京210029 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210024 [3]南京市鼓楼区水务局,南京210036

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第3期221-230,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2023YFC3208903);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(No.52121006);河海大学水安全与水科学协同创新中心项目。

摘　　要：以典型城市闸控河流—南京金川河水系为研究对象,通过开展不同雨强条件下城市汛期溢流污染过程监测,分析不同雨强条件下溢流污染过程差异、河道水质响应以及土地利用/景观格局对溢流污染的影响.结果表明:NH_(3)-N是金川河水系汛期溢流污染的首要水质指标,尤其是大雨和暴雨事件下排口溢流的NH_(3)-N浓度均为劣Ⅴ类;雨强直接影响溢流中各水质指标的变化及河道水质响应过程,中雨事件河道NH_(3)-N浓度约为雨前的1.27倍,大雨事件下增大到10倍,而暴雨事件下由于水量稀释作用河道NH_(3)-N浓度约为雨前的4倍,但其水质恢复时间最长,为5~11 d;城市河流下游地区的闸控调度会削弱水质与土地利用/景观格局的相关性,未来基于土地利用与地表水质之间的定量响应关系来预测河流水质时,应区分河流下游是否有闸控带来的污染累积效应.This study focuses on the Jinchuan River in Nanjing,a typical urban gate-controlled river,to investigate overflow pollution processes during urban rainy periods under varying rainfall intensities.By monitoring overflow pollution under different rainfall conditions,the study analyzes the differences in overflow pollution processes,river water quality responses,and the influence of land use/landscape patterns on overflow pollution.The results indicate that NH_(3)-N is the primary water quality indicator of overflow pollution in the Jinchuan River during rainy season,particularly in heavy and torrential rainfall events,where NH_(3)-N concentrations in overflow discharge consistently fall below Class V standards.The rainfall intensity,as a crucial factor affecting runoff scouring,directly influences the variations of various water quality indicators in the overflow and the response process of river water quality.During moderate rainfall events,the NH_(3)-N concentration in the river was approximately 1.27 times higher than before the rainfall,increasing tenfold during heavy rainfall events.However,during torrential rainfall events,the NH_(3)-N concentration was diluted to about 4 times the prerainfall level,though the water quality recovery time was the longest,ranging from 5 to 11 days.The gated control operations in downstream urban river areas can weaken the correlation between water quality and land use/landscape patterns.In the future,when predicting river water quality based on the quantitative response relationship between land use and surface water quality,it is essential to distinguish whether there is a cumulative pollution effect due to gated control in the downstream regions.

关 键 词：溢流污染 排水管道 闸控河流 土地利用 景观指数 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]