鄱阳湖流域典型围垦区稻田-多级沟渠系统氮磷时空变化特征  

Spatiotemporal characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the paddy and multi-ditch drainage system of a typical reclamation area in the Poyang Lake Basin

作　　者：黄建榕 杜必发 李昆[1] 胡大洲 桂双林[5] 朱利英 魏源送 HUANG Jianrong;DU Bifa;LI Kun;HU Dazhou;GUI Shuanglin;ZHU Liying;WEI Yuansong(School of Resources and Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031;State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;Laboratory of Water Pollution Control,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Energy Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096;Fujian Governmental Investment Projects Appraisal,Fuzhou 350003)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源与环境学院,南昌330031 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心水污染控制实验室,北京100085 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]江西省科学院能源研究所,南昌330096 [6]福建省政府投资项目评审中心,福州350003

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第3期251-259,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：长江生态环境保护修复城市驻点跟踪研究项目(No.2022-LHYJ-02-0505-01,2019-LHYJ-01-0.000211-18)。

摘　　要：以鄱阳湖流域典型围垦区—蒋巷联圩为研究区域,解析了水稻生长期内稻田-多级沟渠系统氮磷时空变化特征.研究结果表明,分蘖期稻田-多级沟渠系统水体的TN浓度显著高于其他时期(p<0.05),是面源污染的主要贡献时期.相较于稻田水,沟渠水的NO_(3)^(-)-N浓度显著高于NH_(4)^(+)-N浓度(p<0.05),在水稻生长期内呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,且NO_(3)^(-)-N主要来自一级沟渠.稻田水的磷浓度表现为先升后降,而沟渠水的磷浓度为下降趋势.在空间尺度上,稻田水的氮、磷浓度在上段最高,中段最低,中段氮形态主要为NO_(3)^(-)-N;沟渠水的氮浓度在中段高,TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N浓度分别为(4.50±6.16)、(0.57±1.98)、(1.63±1.49)mg·L^(-1),而磷浓度在上段最高(TP为(0.14±0.09)mg·L^(-1));上段和中段二级沟渠水的氮、磷浓度低于其他沟渠.稻田水的氮形态主要为NH_(4)^(+)-N,而沟渠水的氮形态为NO_(3)^(-)-N,磷以颗粒态为主(69.84%).集中降雨时期(分蘖期和长穗期),氮、磷浓度在从稻田到三级沟渠的流向上表现为升高趋势,受汇水类型及沟渠物理形态影响,其中二级自然沟渠水的氮磷平均浓度最低,而伴有城镇生活污水汇入的一级沟渠水的氮磷平均浓度最高.Jiangxiang Lianwei,a typical reclamation area of the Poyang Lake Basin,is selected in this study to investigate spatiotemporal characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the paddy field and multi-ditch drainage system during the paddy growth period.Research results indicate that the total nitrogen(TN)concentration in both paddy field and ditch water were signifucantly higher compared to other stages(p<0.05),with mean concentration of(7.91±9.50)mg·L^(-1)and(7.23±6.10)mg·L^(-1),respectively.The nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)concentrations in paddy field water peaked during the seedling stage and the filling stage in ditch water(p<0.05),with measurements at(1.44±1.55)mg·L^(-1)and(2.52±1.46)mg·L^(-1),respectively.The phosphorus concentration in paddy field water increased initially and then decreased,while the overall trend in ditch water showed a persistently increasing trend.At the spatial scale,nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in paddy field water were higher in the upper reaches,with TN and total phosphorus(TP)concentrations of(6.23±13.77)mg·L^(-1)and(0.11±0.09)mg·L^(-1),respectively,in contrast to the middle reaches,which showed lower levels of(3.17±4.43)mg·L^(-1)and(0.09±0.04)mg·L^(-1),respectively.The phosphorus concentrations in the ditch water were highest in the upper section,with TP and particulate phosphorus(PP)concentrations of(0.14±0.09)mg·L^(-1)and(0.10±0.07)mg·L^(-1),respectively,while nitrogen concentrations were relatively diminished,with TN concentration at(2.73±2.26)mg·L^(-1)and(0.19±0.41)mg·L^(-1)for ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N).Nitrogen concentrations were higher in the middle section,with TN,NH_(4)^(+)-N,and NO_(3)^(-)-N concentrations of(4.50±6.16),(0.57±1.98),and(1.63±1.49)mg·L^(-1),respectively.In the multi-level ditch system of the paddy field,phosphorus mainly existed in particulate form,accounting for more than 69.84%of the total phosphorus.Influenced by the type of water inflow and the physical structure of the ditches,the primary ditch,which is su

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 围垦区 稻田-沟渠系统 水稻生长期 氮磷变化 时空分布 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]