菜子湖湿地土壤-植物体系重金属富集、转运及影响因素分析  

Analysis of heavy metal enrichment,transport and influencing factors in the soil-plant system of Caizi Lake wetland

作　　者：林跃胜 王飞 郭尔洛 李鹤冉 方凤满 LIN Yuesheng;WANF Fei;GUO Erluo;LI Heran;FANG Fengman(School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,Wuhu 241003)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,芜湖241003 [2]安徽省江淮流域地表过程与区域响应重点实验室,芜湖241003

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第3期373-383,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学重点项目(No.2022AH050181);国家自然科学基金(No.41977402)。

摘　　要：湿地土壤为植物提供生长场所,植物为湿地生态系统提供了坚实的生态基础.根-土界面通过迁移使植物富集一定量的重金属,通过生物放大作用可能危害到沿江湿地生态系统.本研究选取安徽省菜子湖湿地作为研究区域,分析了菜子湖湿地不同植物、不同环境下的土壤理化性质与重金属的含量,以及植物地下部和地上部重金属含量差异,并探究重金属在土壤-植物系统内富集转运及其响因素.研究结果表明,菜子湖湿地土壤为酸性土,C、N、P及CEC含量处于中等水平,土壤保肥能力偏弱;土壤重金属Co、Cr、Ni和V含量均不同程度地超出区域背景值;土壤-植物系统中重金属含量总体表现为:植物地下部>土壤>植物地上部,且不同植物体内重金属含量在地上部和地下部差异显著;植物体内重金属存在明显富集,且因植物种类而异,不同重金属在体内转运量存在差异,植物种类是影响湿地土壤-植物体系统中重金属富集转运的主要影响因素之一.研究结果可为长三角地区沿江湿地生态环境保护和重金属污染防治提供科学依据和理论支撑.Wetland soil provides a place for plants to grow,meanwhile,the plants provide a solid ecological foundation for wetland ecosystems.The migration of heavy metals on the root-soil interface causes the accumulation of heavy metals in plants,which may damage the wetland ecosystem along the river through biological amplification.In this study,the Caizi Lake wetland in Anhui Province was selected as the research area to analyze the physical and chemical properties of soil and heavy metal content in different plants and environments in the wetland.And the difference of heavy metal content between underground and above-ground parts of plants,as well as the accumulation and transport of heavy metals in soil-plant system and their sound factors were studied.The results show that the soils of Caizi Lake wetland were acidic,with moderate levels of C,N,P,and CEC content,and a relatively weak soil fertility retention capacity.The content of Co,Cr,Ni,V in soil were beyond the regional background value with different degrees,and the heavy metal content in the soil-plant system was as follows:the underground plant>soil>the upper plant.In addition,the difference of heavy metal content between above-ground and underground parts of plants was significantly in different plants.There was obvious enrichment of heavy metals in plants,and the transfer volumes of different heavy metals in the plant bodies were different.Thus,plant species are the main factors influencing the transport and enrichment of heavy metal in wetland soil-plant system.The research results can provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the ecological environment protection and heavy metal pollution prevention and of wetlands along theYangtze River Delta.

关 键 词：重金属 迁移转运 土壤-植物体系 菜子湖湿地 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171