镍基合金与不锈钢异种焊接接头全位置自动TIG焊接工艺研究  

Study on All-position Automatic TIG Welding Technology for Dissimilar Joints of Nickel-based Alloy and Stainless Steel

作　　者：李洋 徐睦忠 刘自刚 代锋先 李新华 邢丽 LI Yang;XU Muzhong;LIU Zigang;DAI Fengxian;LI Xinhua;XING Li(Zhejiang EO.Paton Welding Technology Research Institute,Hangzhou 311200,China;Zhejiang Golden Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311200,China;China First Heavy Industries of Dalian Nuclear Power Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Liaoning 116113,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江巴顿焊接技术研究院,浙江杭州311200 [2]浙江金旦智能科技有限公司,浙江杭州311215 [3]一重集团大连核电石化有限公司,辽宁大连116113

出　　处：《电焊机》2025年第3期82-87,共6页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：针对核反应堆压力容器与主管道安全端异种金属(SA508 Gr.3 Cl.1/SA182 Gr.F316LN)对接焊缝的制造需求,系统研究全位置自动TIG焊接工艺特性。通过对比多层单道焊(钨极摆动)与多层多道焊(钨极不摆动)的工艺效果发现:多层多道焊制备的焊缝未检出失塑裂纹(DDC),无损检测合格率达100%,室温拉伸强度达665 MPa,350℃高温拉伸强度为547 MPa,冲击功最高达245 J(V型缺口),8件弯曲试样均无缺陷;而多层单道焊试样焊缝中呈现多处100~200μm级DDC裂纹。试验表明,多层多道焊通过控制热输入(峰值电流180~230 A,送丝速度70~130 cm/min)和焊道排布优化,可显著降低镍基焊缝的裂纹敏感性,接头硬度分布均匀(180~211 HV),晶间腐蚀测试无开裂倾向,综合性能优于核电标准要求,为大厚度异种金属结构工程化焊接提供了技术支撑。To address the manufacturing requirements of dissimilar steel(SA508 Gr.3 Cl.1/SA182 Gr.F316LN)butt welds between reactor pressure vessels and main pipeline safe-ends,this study systematically investigates the characteristics of allposition automatic TIG welding processes.Comparative analysis of multi-layer single-pass welding(with tungsten oscillation)and multi-layer multi-pass welding(without tungsten oscillation)reveals that:The multi-layer multi-pass welded joints exhibit no detectable ductility-dip cracking(DDC),achieve 100%nondestructive testing compliance,demonstrate roomtemperature tensile strength of 665 MPa and high-temperature tensile strength of 547 MPa at 350°C,with maximum impact energy reaching 245 J(V-notch).All eight bending specimens show defect-free performance.In contrast,multiple 100~200μm-scale DDC cracks were observed in multi-layer single-pass welded specimens.Experimental results confirm that multilayer multi-pass welding effectively reduces crack susceptibility in nickel-based welds through controlled heat input(peak current 180-230 A,wire feed speed 70~130 cm/min)and optimized bead arrangement,producing uniform hardness distribution(180~211 HV)and no intergranular corrosion cracking tendency.The comprehensive performance exceeds nuclear power standards,providing critical data support for engineering applications of thick-walled dissimilar steel structures.

关 键 词：异种钢焊接 全位置自动TIG 镍基合金 多层多道焊 失塑裂纹 

分 类 号：TG457.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]