综采工作面支架接尘与喷雾降尘联合控除尘技术研究  

Study on combined dust control and removal technology using support dust collection and spraying dust suppression in fullymechanized mining face

作　　者：彭慧天 李久超 乔金林 郭立典 张义龙 汤澳 PENG Huitian;LI Jiuchao;QIAO Jinlin;GUO Lidian;ZHANG Yilong;TANG Ao(State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266590,China;College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266590,China;National Energy Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd.,Yulin Shaanxi 719315,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [3]国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司,陕西榆林719315

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第3期87-95,共9页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52174191,52374213);国家重点研发计划课题项目(2023YFC2509301);中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司科技创新项目(E21010028501)。

摘　　要：为缓解现代机械化作业及大采高工作面采煤条件下液压支架移架落尘量增大、移架粉尘危害加重的难题,基于“阻隔-沉降”理念,运用支架接尘和喷雾降尘原理,通过理论分析、数值模拟、现场验证等技术方法,创新性提出湿式支架封闭控除尘方法。研究结果表明:随着喷雾压力及喷嘴孔径的增大,雾场覆盖范围及雾场质量浓度会逐渐增加,形成的雾滴粒径更小,粒径分布更集中。内部雾场在p=6 MPa,d=2.0 mm时精细雾化喷嘴形成的内部喷雾场效果最优,外部雾场在p=8 MPa,d=2.4 mm时广角实心锥形喷嘴形成的喷雾场效果最优。采用该技术后,在未开启喷雾时工作面严重污染粉尘区域已缩减约50%,降尘效率达81.01%,开启喷雾后工作面严重污染粉尘区域面积进一步缩减,降尘效率提升至93.73%,对维护一线作业工人职业健康有显著效果,可为控除尘技术研究提供参考。To alleviate the problems of increased dust generation during the movement of hydraulic supports and the aggravated harm of dust during the support movement under the conditions of modern mechanized operation and coal mining in high cutting height working faces,based on the concept of“blocking-sedimentation”,and by applying the principles of dust collection by the supports and dust suppression by spraying,a wet-type support enclosure dust control and removal method was innovatively proposed through the technical methods such as theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and field verification.The results show that with the increase of spraying pressure and nozzle diameter,the coverage range and concentration of mist field will gradually increase,and the formed mist droplets have a smaller particle size and a more concentrated particle size distribution.The internal mist fieldformed by the fine atomizing nozzle when p=6 MPa and d=2.0 mm has the best effect,and the external mist field formed by the wide-angle solid cone nozzle when p=8 MPa and d=2.4 mm has the best effect.After adopting this technology,when the spraying is not turned on,the severely polluted dust area in the working face has been reduced by approximately 50%,and the dust suppression efficiency reaches 81.01%.After the spraying is turned on,the area of the severely polluted dust area in the working face is further reduced,and the dust suppression efficiency is increased to 93.73%.This has a significant effect on maintaining the occupational health of front-line workers and can provide a reference for the research on the dust control and removal technologies.

关 键 词：综采工作面 移架粉尘 阻隔沉降 数值模拟 呼吸健康 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]