二氧化锰改性硅藻土基多孔陶瓷吸附过滤性能研究  

Adsorption and Filtration Performance of Manganese Dioxide-Modified Diatomite-Based Porous Ceramics

作　　者：刘丽艳[1,2] 姜子健 刘战剑 Liu Liyan;Jiang Zijian;Liu Zhanjian(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology,Tianjin 300350,China;School of New Energy and Materials,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300350 [2]天津市化工安全与装备技术重点实验室,天津300350 [3]东北石油大学新能源与材料学院,大庆163318

出　　处：《天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版)》2025年第4期406-413,共8页Journal of Tianjin University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22178250).

摘　　要：如何处理含固体颗粒的重金属废水,类似含萃取界面污物的核后处理废水,一直是具有挑战性的问题.本研究旨在以二氧化锰改性硅藻土为原料,泡沫浸渍工艺牺牲模板法制备多孔陶瓷用于吸附过滤处理含固体颗粒的重金属废水.实验中以共沉淀法和水热法制备锰改性硅藻土,结果表明其对Zn^(2+)吸附能力均有一定提升.而对比不同的改性方法后发现,高锰酸钾水热法对硅藻土的改性效果最为显著,对Zn^(2+)的吸附量达到24.3 mg/g,比原硅藻土提高了32.50%.在此基础上,采用泡沫浸渍工艺牺牲模板法烧结改性硅藻土,制备出具有吸附和过滤功能的多孔陶瓷.循环流动吸附过滤装置测试改性前后硅藻土基多孔陶瓷处理含Zn^(2+)和含碳颗粒的料液,结果发现对质量浓度为10 mg/L的Zn^(2+)的去除率分别为59.72%和71.23%,对固含量为2 g/L的含碳颗粒的去除率分别为97.16%和99.74%.通过压汞仪(MIP)和X射线显微CT(XMT)分析改性前后硅藻土块的孔隙结构,发现直径小于30μm的小孔数量增加了155.50%,平均孔径由1084.98 nm下降至880.02 nm,同时孔隙率由65.90%下降至56.02%.通过对改性前后多孔陶瓷的1500个切面扫描,发现其面孔隙率有所下降,陶瓷致密性上升.同时,改性使多孔陶瓷块内部孔道的迂曲度从6.334提高到9.606.改性工艺有效地改善了硅藻土基多孔陶瓷的孔隙结构,提升了吸附过滤性能.The treatment of heavy metal wastewater containing solid particles,such as those found in nuclear reprocessing wastewater,has been a persistent challenge.This study focuses on using manganese dioxide-modified diatomite as a raw material to prepare porous ceramics designed for the adsorption and filtration of heavy metal wastewater containing solid particles.In the experiment,manganese-modified diatomite was prepared using coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods.The results showed an enhanced adsorption capacity for Zn^(2+)ions using manganese-modified diatomite.Compared to different modification methods,the KMnO4 hydrothermal method proved most effective on diatomite,boosting the Zn^(2+)adsorption capacity to 24.3 mg/g,an increase of 32.50%over unmodified diatomite.Building on these results,porous ceramics with adsorption and filtration functions were prepared by sintering the modified diatomite using a foam impregnation process and sacrificial template method.By treatment of liquid containing Zn^(2+)and carbon particles with diatomite-based porous ceramics using the device of cyclic flow filtration and adsorption,the ceramics before and after modification demonstrated removal rates of 59.72%and 71.23%for 10 mg/L Zn^(2+)and 97.16%and 99.74%for 2 g/L carbon-containing particles,respectively.Analysis of the diatomite block’s pore structure,before and after modification,was conducted using mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)and X-ray micro-computed tomography(XMT).It was found that the number of pores smaller than 30μm in diameter increased by 155.50%.The average pore size decreased from 1084.98 nm to 880.02 nm,while porosity decreased from 65.90%to 56.02%.Additionally,scans of 1500 sections of the porous ceramics before and after modification showed a decrease in surface porosity and increased ceramic compactness.The tortuosity of the internal channels of the porous ceramic block was improved from 6.334 to 9.606.The modified process effectively improved the pore structure of diatomite-based porous ceramics and e

关 键 词：硅藻土改性 多孔陶瓷 过滤 吸附 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]