桑桑牦牛屠宰性能及肉质特性分析  

Analysis of Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality Characteristics in Sangsang Yak

作　　者：何文斌 平措占堆[4] 张强[4] 尼玛加措 王洪壮 余道宁 张梦帆 王彤 冯芬 喇永富 马晓明 洛桑顿珠 梁春年[1,3] HE Wenbin;PINGCUO Zhandui;ZHANG Qiang;NIMA Jiacuo;WANG Hongzhuang;YU Daoning;HANG Mengfan;WANG Tong;FENG Fen;LA Yongu;MA Xiaoming;LUOSANG Donzhu;LIANG Chunnian(Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730050,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou 730050,China;Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850004,China;Angren County Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Shigatse City,Shigatse 857001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃省牦牛繁育工程重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [3]农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,兰州730050 [4]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,拉萨850004 [5]日喀则市昂仁县农业农村局,日喀则857001

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2025年第2期100-106,共7页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：西藏自治区区域科技协同创新项目(QYXTZX-RKZ2022-03);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1302101);现代肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：为挖掘桑桑牦牛的遗传资源,选择成年桑桑牦牛10头(公、母各半)进行屠宰试验和肉品质分析,并与文献中已报道的肃南牦牛、雪多牦牛、金川牦牛、甘南牦牛等进行了对比分析。结果表明,成年桑桑牦牛公牛的胴体重为129.12kg,母牛为92.00kg;桑桑牦牛公牛的活重、胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积分别比母牛高29.89%、40.35%、9.41%、11.24%、4.17%、40.05%。相比于其他牦牛肉,桑桑牦牛的肉色总体表现为亮度偏低,红度偏高,黄度偏高,肉质较韧。桑桑牦牛公、母牛肉中的必需氨基酸与氨基酸总量的比值(EAA/TAA)分别为0.39和0.38,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)分别为0.64和0.61,符合FAO/WHO评定的理想蛋白质模式。桑桑牦牛肉中多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值(P/S)为0.16,低于WHO推荐值,表明桑桑牦牛肉的脂肪酸含量不均衡。综上,桑桑牦牛产肉性能优良,肉品质相对较好。In order to investigate the genetic resources of Sangsang yak,a slaughter test and meat quality analysis were conducted on 10 adult Sangsang yaks(half male and half female),which were then compared with Sunan yak,Xueduo yak,Jinchuan yak,and Gannan yak as reported in the literature.The results showed that the carcass weight of adult male Sangsang yak was 129.12 kg,while that of female was 92.00 kg.The live weight,carcass weight,slaughter rate,net meat rate,meat to bone ratio,and eye muscle area of male Sangsang yaks were 29.89%,40.35%,9.41%,11.24%,4.17%,and 40.05%higher than those of female,respectively.In comparison to other yaks,the meat color of Sangsang yaks exhibited lower brightness,higher redness,higher yellowness,and tougher meat quality.The ratios of essential amino acid to total amino acid(EAA/TAA)in meat of male and female Sangsang yak were 0.39 and 0.38,respectively,and the ratio of essential amino acid to non essential amino acid(EAA/NEAA)were 0.64 and 0.61,respectively,which met the ideal protein pattern assessed by FAO/WHO.The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid(P/S)in Sangsang yak meat was 0.16,which was lower than the recommended value of WHO.This indicates that the fatty acid content of Sangsang yak meat was unbalanced.In summary,the meat production performance of Sangsang yak is exceptional,and their meat quality is relatively good.

关 键 词：桑桑牦牛 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]