学校竞技体育人才培养学训矛盾中学习困境的三维解构与疏解策略  

A Tripartite Factor Analysis and Alleviation Strategies for Learning Difficulties within the Confliction of Learning and Training on the Cultivation of Competitive Sports Talents in Schools

作　　者：张春合 袁娇 蔡振强 陈思思 ZHANG Chunhe;YUAN Jiao;CAI Zhenqiang;CHEN Sisi(School of Physical Education,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学体育学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《体育科学》2025年第3期34-42,共9页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BTY054)。

摘　　要：研究聚焦学校竞技体育人才培养学训矛盾中的学习困境,以大、中、小学的管理者、教师、教练员和学生运动员为调查对象,采用专家咨询、实地调研及扎根理论研究方法,剖析学习困境的三维因素。客观因素上,存在元认知能力培育不足、学生运动员学习策略失谐、学习与训练“兴奋点”拮抗及时间投入不足;主观因素上,存在学生运动员、教练员和文化教师对课业的态度与认知偏差,偏差性惯习影响及身份认同冲突问题;管理与制度因素上,存在教学方法及管理措施失当,功利教育价值观与负面同群效应影响。基于此,研究提出,应重视敏感期元认知能力培育、设计运动与学习关联媒介、探索双“兴奋点”转换方法、建构教体“主体”矩阵融合发展模式、培育良性惯习、融合双重身份认同、设置教学训练“刚性”条件、打造大-中-小学校同向价值链、发挥同群正向引领功能等策略,以推动体教深度融合,构建学训双优的体育发展范式。This study focuses on the learning difficulties within the conflict between learning and training in the cultivation of competitive sports talents in schools.Taking the administrators,teachers,coaches,and student athletes from primary,secondary,and higher education institutions as research subjects,adopted expert consultation,field investigation and grounded theory research methods to analyze the tripartite factors of learning difficulties.Objectively,there are deficiencies in cultivating metacognitive abilities,mismatched learning strategies among student athletes,antagonism between learning and training“excitement points”,and insufficient time investment;Subjectively,there are attitudes and cognitive biases towards academic work among students,coaches,and cultural teachers,as well as the influence of deviant habits and identity conflicts;In terms of environmental and institutional factors,there are inappropriate teaching methods and management measures,adverse effects of utilitarian educational values,and significant negative peer effects.Based on this,it is proposed to attach importance to the cultivation of metacognition during sensitive periods,design media related to sports and learning,explore the transformation method of dual“excitement points”,construct an integrated development model of the“subject”matrix of education and sports,cultivate positive habits,integrate dual identity recognition,set“rigid”conditions for teaching and training,create a value chain for primary,secondary,and tertiary schools in the same direction,and give full play to the positive leadership function of the same group,in order to promote the deep integration of sports and education,and build a sports development paradigm of learning and training excellence.

关 键 词：学校 竞技体育 人才培养 学训矛盾 学习困境 疏解策略 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]