家国互动中基层治理单元的形变与适配  

Deformation and Adaptation of Grassroots Governance Units in the Interaction of Family and State

作　　者：王敬尧 郑鹏 WANG Jingyao;ZHENG Peng(School of Public Administration,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan;Center for County Development Research,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学中国县域发展研究中心,四川成都610065

出　　处：《厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期181-190,共10页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“县域城乡融合发展与乡村振兴研究”(22JZD009)。

摘　　要：家国关系是理解中国基层治理的重要本土视角。通过对基层治理单元的历史变迁进行考察,发现基层治理单元的形变遵循“国家功能曲线”与“家户功能曲线”双重逻辑,即国家功能在地域单元缩小时治理效益不断减少,家户功能在地域单元扩大时治理效益不断减少,两条曲线与“个体社会要求曲线”的交汇点分别构成行政单元与自治单元的最佳节点。国家治理目标与治理能力、家户组织能力与联结程度,则是推动“国家功能曲线”与“家户功能曲线”左右移动,导致基层治理单元形变的关键因素。面对当前国家权力下沉与家户功能缺失导致基层治理单元错位,进而出现利益错配、供需错位与权力错置的现实问题,还需瞄定家庭治理作为基层治理的社会基点,通过行政上移与自治下沉均衡行政与自治的内在关系,通过增强村级组织的自治服务功能提升行政与自治衔接效能。The relationship between family and state is a critical perspective for understanding grassroots governance in China.By examining the historical evolution of grassroots governance units,it becomes evident that their transformation follows the dual logic of the"national function curve"and the"household function curve",Specifically,as the geographical scope narrows,the gov-ernance efficiency of national functions decreases,while an expansion of geographical scope leads to a decline in the governance efficiency of household functions.The intersection points of these two curves with the"individual societal demand curve"respectively determine the optimal nodes for administrative units and autonomous units.The dynamics of national governance objectives and capa-bilities,along with household organizational capacity and connectivity,drive the movement of the"national funetion curve"and the"household function curve",resuling in the deformation of grassroots governance units.Currently,the decentralization of state power,combined with the weakening of household functions,has led to the absence of an ideal grassroots governance unit,giving rise to practical issues such as mismatched interests,misaligned supply and demand,and power misplacement.To address these challenges,it is essential to focus on family governance as the social foundation of grassroots governance.This entails balancing the internal relationship between autonomy and administration through strategies of administrative uplifting and autonomous sinking,while improving administrative-autonomous coordination by enhancing the autonomous service functions of village-level organizations.

关 键 词：基层治理 治理单元 家户治理 家国关系 

分 类 号：D035.5[政治法律—政治学]