宜昌市毒蛇咬伤流行病学调查研究  

Epidemiological Investigation and Study on Venomous Snakebite Injuries in Yichang City

作　　者：郭建强 郑婷婷 张蓉[1] Guo Jianqiang;Zheng Tingting;Zhang Rong(Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine,Yichang Central People's Hospital,The First College of Clinical Medical Science,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443003,China;Reproductive Medicine Research Center,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Yichang Central People's Hospital,The First College of Clinical Medical Science,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443003,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学第一临床医学院[宜昌市中心人民医院]急诊与危重症医学科,湖北宜昌443003 [2]三峡大学第一临床医学院[宜昌市中心人民医院]妇产科生殖医学中心,湖北宜昌443003

出　　处：《巴楚医学》2025年第1期30-34,共5页Bachu Medical Journal

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2024AFB845)。

摘　　要：目的:调查湖北省宜昌市毒蛇咬伤患者的流行病学特征,为蛇咬伤的诊治提供临床参考。方法:选取2018年1月—2023年12月于宜昌市中心人民医院就诊的1158例毒蛇咬伤患者,收集纳入患者的临床资料,包括毒蛇致伤月份、患者职业、毒蛇种类、临床表现、诊治经过及预后等。结果:1158例毒蛇咬伤患者中,致伤毒蛇种类以蝮蛇、烙铁头蛇为主,咬伤月份集中在5~10月(66.23%)。职业分布以农民居多(68.13%)。不同类型蛇咬伤的临床表现有明显的区别,所有患者接受包括抗蛇毒血清在内的综合治疗,无死亡病例发生,五步蛇咬伤的患者中有5例(16.67%)截肢致残。结论:湖北省宜昌市主要致伤毒蛇种类为蝮蛇和烙铁头蛇,以夏秋两季发病高,受伤群体以农民为主。蛇咬伤患者应及时接受抗蛇毒血清等治疗,从而提高治疗效果。Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of venomous snakebite patients in Yichang City,Hubei Province,to provide clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of snakebites.Methods:A total of 1,158 cases of venomous snakebite patients treated at Yichang Central People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 were collect.The clinical data of the included patients were analyzed,including the month of snake injury,patient occupation,type of venomous snake,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment process,and prognosis.Results:Among the 1,158 cases of venomous snakebite patients,the types of venomous snakes causing injuries were mainly agkistrodon halys and trimeresurus mucrosquamatus.The months of bites were concentrated in May to October(66.23%).The occupational distribution was mostly farmers(68.13%).Different types of snakebites had significant differences in clinical manifestations.All patients received comprehensive treatment,including antivenom serum,with no deaths.Among the patients bitten by trimeresurus stejnegeri,5 cases(16.67%)resulted in amputation and disability.Conclusion:The main types of venomous snakes causing injuries in Yichang City,Hubei Province,are agkistrodon halys and trimeresurus mucrosquamatus,with a high incidence in summer and autumn,and the injured group is mainly farmers.Patients with snakebites should receive timely treatment with antivenom serum to improve treatment outcomes.

关 键 词：毒蛇 毒蛇咬伤 抗蛇毒血清 

分 类 号：R646[医药卫生—外科学]