司法裁判视野下“行凶”的内涵阐释  

The Definition of “Assault” from the Perspective of Judicial Judgment

作　　者：王振华[1] Wang Zhenhua

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院

出　　处：《南大法学》2025年第2期112-130,共19页NanJing University Law Journal

基　　金：湘潭大学博士科研启动项目“犯罪网络化趋势下主犯认定标准重构研究”(项目编号:2024BSQD44)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：准确认定“行凶”是依法适用正当防卫制度的重要保障。当前,司法裁判在判断不法侵害行为是否构成“行凶”时的释法说理仍有待完善。作为严重危害社会的犯罪行为,构成“行凶”需要同时满足主客观两个要素,即“侵害行为已经严重危及人身安全”与“侵害人对于侵害行为可能造成之损害负有罪责”。对于前者,需要重点关注侵害人是否持械或使用凶器,“行凶”与故意伤害罪(重伤)的关系,严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪是结束还是暂时中止,持续性不法侵害累积起来的人身危害程度等问题;对于后者,从正当防卫的正当性来源等角度出发,应该秉持从严解释的立场,只在特定情形下作例外判断即可。The accurate identification of “assault” is an important guarantee for the application of justifiable defense system according to law.At present,the interpretation of the judicial judgment in determining whether the infringement constitutes “assault” still needs to be perfected.As a kind of social harm behavior,it needs to satisfy both subjective and objective factors to identify as “assault”,that is,“the infringement has seriously endangered personal safety” and “the perpetrator is guilty of the damage that may be caused by the infringement”.For the former,we should focus on whether the perpetrator is armed,the relationship between “assault” and the crime of intentional injury(serious injury),whether the violence is completely stopped or temporarily stopped,and the degree of personal harm accumulated by the continuous illegal infringement.For the latter,from the perspective of the source of the justification of justifiable defense,we should hold a strict stance on interpretation and make an exception judgment only in certain circumstances.

关 键 词：行凶 司法裁判 客观要素 主观要素 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]