生物炭负载纳米氯磷灰石去除水中U(Ⅵ)的性能研究  

Study on the Removal of U(Ⅵ)by Biochar Loaded Nano-chlorapatite Composited Materials

作　　者：麦颖清 史妮静 谢水波 李绪忠[3] MAI Yingqing;SHI Nijing;XIE Shuibo;LI Xuzhong(School of Civil Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Technology,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;CINF Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410000,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学污染控制与资源化技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南衡阳421001 [3]长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《南华大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期36-45,77,共11页Journal of University of South China:Science and Technology

摘　　要：针对铀矿冶中产生的低浓度含铀废水的处理,以松木屑、稻草秸秆和花生壳为原材料,采用共沉淀法在高温限氧条件下制备出3种生物炭负载纳米氯磷灰石复合材料(biochar loaded nano-chlorapatite composited material,nCLAP/BC),采用扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)、能量色散X射线谱(X-ray energy dispersive spectrum,EDS)、X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)对松木屑生物炭负载纳米氯磷灰石复合材料(pine shavings biochar loaded nano-chlorapatite composited material,nCLAP/BC-1)进行表征,并探究不同因素对三者去除U(Ⅵ)过程的影响。结果表明:与对应原始生物炭(biochar,BC)相比,3种nCLAP/BC的除铀效果显著。在nCLAP/BC投加量为0.1 g/L、pH值为4、铀初始质量浓度为5 mg/L的最佳条件下,3种nCLAP/BC对U(Ⅵ)的去除率均超过99%,对U(Ⅵ)的吸附为以单分子层为主的化学吸附,且为自发吸热过程。综合而言,nCLAP/BC-1对U(Ⅵ)的去除效果在三者中最好。能量色散X射线谱EDS和X射线光电子能谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)表征结果表明,nCLAP/BC-1去除U(Ⅵ)的过程复杂,涉及静电作用、溶解沉淀、离子交换、表面羟基等官能团的络合作用等机制。To treat the low-concentration uranium-containing wastewater,three kinds of biochar loaded nano-chlorapatite composited materials(nCLAP/BC)were prepared by co-precipitation method using pine shavings,discarded rice straw and peanut shells as raw materials.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray energy dispersive spectrum(EDS)were used to characterize pine shavings biochar loaded nano-chlorapatite composited material(nCLAP/BC-1).The effects of different factors on the adsorption process of U(Ⅵ)by the three were investigated.The results showed that compared with the corresponding original biochar(BC),the three types of nCLAP/BC had much greater uranium removal performance.Under conditions of nCLAP/BC dosage of 0.1 g/L,pH of 4 and the U(Ⅵ)initial concentration of 5 mg/L,the removal rate for U(Ⅵ)of three types of nCLAP/BC were all above 99%.The adsorption of U(Ⅵ)is a chemical adsorption dominated by a monolayer and a spontaneous endothermic process.Among the three,nCLAP/BC-1 had the best removal performance on the removal of U(Ⅵ).The characterization results of X-ray energy dispersive spectrum(EDS)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)showed that the process of removing U(Ⅵ)by nCLAP/BC-1 was complex,involving electrostatic interaction,dissolution precipitation,ion exchange and complexation of functional groups such as surface hydroxyl groups.

关 键 词：U(Ⅵ) 生物炭 纳米氯磷灰石 生物炭负载纳米氯磷灰石 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X75